Musculoskeletal

Front 1

recent weight gain can increase

Back 1

physical stress on the musculoskeletal system

Front 2

dull, deep, and throbbing describe ?

Back 2

bone pain

Front 3

aching pain is associated with?

Back 3

joint or muscle pain

Front 4

what type of pain is associated with fractures?

Back 4

sharp or knifelike

Front 5

joint stiffness in the elderly is often misdiagnosed as ?

Back 5

arthritis

Front 6

diabetes mellitus, sickle cell anemia, or SLE put the client at risk for?

Back 6

osteoporosis and osteomyelitis

Front 7

reduced intake of vitamin D and calcium put a client at risk for

Back 7

osteoporosis

Front 8

women who start menarche late or menopause early are at risk for ?

Back 8

osteoporosis d/t decreased estrogen levels

Front 9

diuretic can lead to

Back 9

muscle weakness d/t electrolyte imbalances.

Front 10

steroids can deplete?

Back 10

bone mass and lead to osteoporosis

Front 11

adverse reactions to HMG CoA reductase inhibitors can include

Back 11

myopathy =which can cause muscle aches or weakness

Front 12

smoking, alcoholic drinks,and caffeine can increase a clients risk for ?

Back 12

osteoporosis

Front 13

protein promotes?

Back 13

muscle tone and bone growth

Front 14

vitamin C promotes?

Back 14

healing of tissues and bones

Front 15

calcium deficiency inreases a clients risk for ?

Back 15

osteoporosis

Front 16

a diet high in purine can cause

Back 16

gouty arthritis

Front 17

uncontrollable risk for osteoporosis?

Back 17

gender 80% female
age 70 or older
small boned size
ethnicity= Caucasian or Asian
family history

Front 18

Modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis?

Back 18

little or no physical activity
low calcium intake
low estrogen levels =female
smoking
excessive caffeine or alcohol intake
medications for arthritis, endocrine disorder, seizures, gastrointestinal diseases

Front 19

when is peak bone mass archived?

Back 19

35 to 40 years old in both sexes

Front 20

rating of 5 =normal

Back 20

active motion against resistance

Front 21

rating of 4= slight weakness

Back 21

active motion against some resistance

Front 22

a 3 rating = average weakness

Back 22

active motion against gravity

Front 23

a 2 rating= Poor ROM

Back 23

passive ROM gravity removed and assisted by examiner

Front 24

a 1 rating= severe weakness

Back 24

slight flicker of contraction

Front 25

a o rating= paralysis

Back 25

no muscular contraction

Front 26

gonimeter

Back 26

measures ROM

Front 27

a abnormal nudge test

Back 27

client falls backward easily seen in clients with Parkinson's and cervical spondylosis

Front 28

flattening of the lumbar curvature may be seen in clients with ?

Back 28

herniated lumbar disc or ankylosing spondylitis

Front 29

lumbar lordosis

Back 29

an exaggerated lumbar curve =lumbar lordosis seen in clients who are pregnant or obese.

Front 30

acute rheumatoid arthritis

abnormal

Back 30

tender, painful, swollen, stiff joints .

Front 31

chronic rheumatoid arthritis=systemic

abnormal

Back 31

chronic swelling and thickening of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints, limited ROM, and finger deviation toward the ulnar side

Front 32

ganglion

Back 32

non tender, rounded, enlarged, swollen, fluid filled cyst. common on the dorsum of the wrist.

Front 33

osteoarthritis

Back 33

hard, painless nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints (Heberden's nodes) and over the proximal interphalangeal joints (bouchard's nodes)

Front 34

Brouchard's joints

Back 34

osteoarthritis= nodes over the proximal interphalangeal joints

Front 35

thenar atrophy

Back 35

seen in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Front 36

tendosynovitis

Back 36

painful extension of a finger= seen in infection of the flexor tendon sheathes

Front 37

swan neck deformities

Back 37

seen with chronic rheumatoid arthritis

Front 38

acute gouty arthritis

Back 38

the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe is painful, tender, reddened, hot, and swollen.

Front 39

callus

abnormal finding

Back 39

seen at pressure points

Front 40

hallux valgus

Back 40

the great toe is deviated laterally and may overlap the second toe. an enlarges painful inflamed bursa (bunion) may form on the medial side.

Front 41

corn

Back 41

painful thickening of the skin that occur over bony prominence and at pressure points

Front 42

Hammer toe

abnormal

Back 42

hyperextension at the metatarsophalangeal joint with flexion at the proximal interphalangeal joint. common in the second toe

Front 43

plantar wart

abnormal

Back 43

painful warts (verruca vulgaris) often occur under a callus appearing as tiny dark spots

Front 44

McMurray's test

Back 44

client supine
ask to flex one knee and hip
place thumb and index finger on either side of knee
use hand to hold the heel of the foot up
rotate the lower leg and foot laterally
repeat with other leg

Front 45

What should the nurse note when doing the McMurray's test?

Back 45

pain or clicking which could indicate a torn meniscus of the knee.

Front 46

flat feet are what type of finding?

Back 46

abnormal

Front 47

flat feet

Back 47

feet with no arches
may cause pain and swelling on the foot surface

Front 48

scoliosis

Back 48

lateral curvature of the spine with an increase in convexity on the side that is curved

Front 49

the ballotment test

Back 49

detects large amounts of fluid on the knee

Front 50

If a client reports pain and has limited ROM of the cervical spine, the nurse should ask the client if?

Back 50

he has slept wrong
has carried a heavy suitcase
have they been in a automobile accident

Front 51

Impaired range of motion of the cervical spine and pain that radiates to the back, shoulders, or arms is associated with?

Back 51

cervical disc degenerative disease or spinal cord tumor.

Front 52

Impaired ROM
neck pain associated with fever, chills, and headache indicate?

Back 52

serious infection such as meningitis

Front 53

If a client reports low back pain that radiates down the back the nurse should ?

Back 53

perform the Laseque's test: at the point of pain dorsiflex the foot

Front 54

Osteporosis occurs when?

Back 54

bone forming cells cannot keep pace with bone destroying cells.

Front 55

Why is osteoporosis more common as a person ages?

Back 55

bone resorption increases
calcium absorption decreases
production of osteoblasts decreases.

Front 56

Vitamin D definciency can cause ?

Back 56

osteomalacia

Front 57

Lateral bending of the thoracic and lumbar spine should be

Back 57

35 degrees

Front 58

Hyperextension of the thoracic and lumbar spine should be

Back 58

about 30 degrees

Front 59

rotation of the thoracic and lumbar spine should be

Back 59

30 degrees

Front 60

While performing the Laseque's test a client reports pain that shoots down one or both legs and below the knees would indicate a possible?

Back 60

herniated intervertabral disc.

Front 61

Continuous back pain with aching pain at night, not relieved by rest indicates?

Back 61

metastatses.

Front 62

Lower back pain with tenderness and limited ROM is common in clients with

Back 62

Osteoporosis

Front 63

If the nurses suspects a client has one leg longer than the other she would ?

Back 63

ask client to lie down with legs extended and measure both legs

Front 64

What should the nurse do once she inspects a reddened, swollen, mass on a client?

Back 64

Palpate for tenderness

Front 65

Painful and limited abduction of the arms accompanied by muscle weakness and atrophy are seen in clients with?

Back 65

Rotator cuff tear

Front 66

While inspecting the elbows if a nurses notices redness, heat, or swelling it could indicate?

Back 66

bursitis of the olecranon process due to trauma or arthritis

Front 67

epicondylitis is also known as

Back 67

tennis elbow