Muscles Of Mastication & Hyoid Muscles

Front 1

_______ are four pairs of muscles attached to the mandible

Back 1

muscles of mastication

Front 2

The muscles of mastication are

Back 2

- masseter
- temporalis
- medial pterygoid
- lateral pterygoid

Front 3

the muscle(s) of mastication that are responsible for closing the mouth

Back 3

- masseter
- temporalis
- medial pterygoid

Front 4

the muscle(s) of mastication that are responsible for opening the mouth

Back 4

- lateral pterygoid

Front 5

True or false:
All muscles of mastication are innervated by the mandibular division of the fifth cranial or trigeminal nerve

Back 5

True

Front 6

The ______ is the most superficially located and strongest muscle of mastication

Back 6

masseter muscle

Front 7

The masseter muscel is a broad thick, rectangular muscle on each side of the face anterior to the parotid salivary gland that originates ________ and inserts __________

Back 7

- Origin: Superificial head - anterior two thirds of lower border of zygomatic arch; Deep head - posterior third and medial surface of zygomatic arch
- Insertion: Superficial head - angle of mandible; Deep head - ramus of mandible

Front 8

The masseter muscle is innervated by

Back 8

CN V3 (mandibular division of trigeminal nerve)

Front 9

the action of the masseter muscle is

Back 9

elevation

Front 10

_________ is when the masseter muscle becomes enlarged due to habitually clenching or grinding teeth, and even constantly chewing gum

Back 10

Masseteric hypertrophy

Front 11

True or False:
Masseteric hypertrophy can be unilateral or bilateral

Back 11

True

Front 12

_________ is a broad, fan shaped muscle of mastication on each side of the head that fills the temporal fossa, superior to the zygomatic arch

Back 12

Temporalis muscle

Front 13

The temporalis muscle originates at the _________ and inserts at the _______

Back 13

- temporal fossa
- coronoid process

Front 14

the temporalis muscle is innervated by the

Back 14

CN V3 ( mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve)

Front 15

the action of the temporalis muscle is

Back 15

elevation, retrusion

Front 16

the medial pterygoid muscle or internal pterygoid muscle orginates at the ______ and inserts at the ________

Back 16

- pterygoid fossa of sphenoid bone
- angle of mandible

Front 17

the medial pterygoid muscle is innervated by

Back 17

CN V3 (mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve)

Front 18

the action of the medial pterygoid muscle is

Back 18

elevation

Front 19

the lateral pterygoid muscle or external pterygoid muscle has two heads of origin that are _______ and insert at the _________

Back 19

- Origin: Superior head - greater wing of sphenoid bone; Inferior head - lateral pterygoid plate from sphenoid bone
- Insertion - (both heads) pterygoid fovaea of mandible

Front 20

the lateral pterygoid muscle is innervated by

Back 20

CN V3 (mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve)

Front 21

the action of the lateral pterygoid muscle of inferior heads is _______; action for one muscle is ________; action for both muscles is _________

Back 21

- slight depression of mandible
- lateral deviation of jaw
- protrusion

Front 22

________ assist in the actions of mastication and swallowing

Back 22

Hyoid muscles

Front 23

Most of the hyoid muscles are in a superficial position in the neck tissues and are grouped according to whether they are _________ or _________

Back 23

- suprahyoid
- infrahyoid

Front 24

________ muscles are located superior to the hyoid bone

Back 24

suprahyoid

Front 25

the suprahyoid muscles can be further divided by their ________ or ________ postion to the hyoid bone

Back 25

- anterior
- posterior

Front 26

The suprahyoid muscles include:

Back 26

- digastric muscle
- mylohyoid muscle
- stylohyoid muscle
- geniohyoid muscle

*DIG-MY-STYLe-G

Front 27

the digastric muscle originates at the _______ and inserts at the _________

Back 27

- origin: anterior belly - intermediate tendon; posterior belly - mastoid notch of temporal bone
- Insertion- Anterior belly - medial surface of mandible; Posterior belly - intermediate tendon

Front 28

the digastric muscle is innervated by

Back 28

- anterior belly - mylohyoid nerve of V3
- Posterior belly - CN VII

Front 29

The action of the digastric muscle

Back 29

elevates hyoid, depresses mandible

Front 30

The ________ muscle is an anterior suprahyoid muscle that is deep to the digastric muscle with fibers running transeversely between th two sides of the mandible

Back 30

mylohyoid muscle

Front 31

The mylohyoid muscle originates at the _________ and inserts at the __________

Back 31

- mylohyoid line of mandible
- body of mandible

Front 32

the mylohyoid muscle is innervated by

Back 32

the mylohyoid nerve, a branch of the CN V3 (mandibular division of trigeminal nerve)

Front 33

the action of the mylohyoid muscle

Back 33

elevates hyoid, depresses mandible, forms floor of mouth and helps elevates tongue

Front 34

the _________ is a thin posterior suprahyoid muscle, anterior and superficial to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle

Back 34

stylohyoid muscle

Front 35

the stylohyoid muscle originates at the ________ and inserts at the _________

Back 35

- styloid process of temporal bone
- body of hyoid

Front 36

the stylohyoid process is innervated by

Back 36

CN VII (facial nerve)

Front 37

The action of the stylohyoid muscle

Back 37

elevates and retracts hyoid bone

Front 38

the ________ is an anterior suprahyoid muscle that is deep to the mylohyoid muscle

Back 38

geniohyoid muscle

Front 39

the geniohyoid muscle originates at the _________ and inserts at the ________

Back 39

- genial tubercles
- body of hyoid bone

Front 40

the geniohyoid muscle is innervated by

Back 40

first cervical nerve conducted by way of the twelfth cranial nerve (hypoglossal nerve)(CI by CN XII)

Front 41

the action of the geniohyoid muscle

Back 41

elevates hyoid, depresses mandible

Front 42

The 4 pairs of infrahyoid muscles include

Back 42

- sternothyroid muscle
- sternohyoid muscle
- omohyoid muscle
- thyrohyoid muscle

Front 43

________ muscles are inferior to the hyoid bone

Back 43

Infrahyoid muscles

Front 44

All of the infrahyoid muscles are innverated by

Back 44

C1 & C2 (second and third cranial nerves)

Front 45

The _________ is an infrahyoid muscle located superficial to the thyroid gland

Back 45

Sternothyroid muscle

Front 46

The sternothyroid muscle originates at the _________ and inserts at the _________

Back 46

- posterior surface of sternum
- thyroid cartilage

Front 47

the sternothyroid muscle is innervated by

Back 47

C2 & C3

Front 48

the action of the sternothyroid muscle

Back 48

depresses thyroid cartilage and larynx

Front 49

The ________ is an infrahyoid muscle superficial to the sternothyroid muscle as well as the thyroid gland and cartilage

Back 49

sternohyoid muscle

Front 50

the sternohyoid muscle originates at the _________ and inserts at the __________

Back 50

- posterior surface of sternum
- body of hyoid bone

Front 51

the sternohyoid muscle is innervated by

Back 51

C2 & C3

Front 52

the action of the sternohyoid muscle

Back 52

depresses hyoid

Front 53

the _________ is an infrahyoid muscle lateral to both the sternothyroid and thyrohyoid muslces

Back 53

omohyoid muscle

Front 54

the omohyoid muscle originates at the ___________ and inserts at the ____________

Back 54

- Origin: Inferior belly - scapula
Superior belly - inferior belly
- Inserts: Inferior belly - superior belly
Superior belly - body of hyoid bone

Front 55

the omohyoid muscle is innervated by

Back 55

C2 & C3

Front 56

the action of the omohyoid muscle

Back 56

depresses hyoid

Front 57

the _________ is covered by the omohyoid and sternohoid muscles

Back 57

thyrohyoid muscle

Front 58

the thyrohyoid muscle originates at the _________ and inserts at the __________

Back 58

- thyroid cartilage
- body of greater cornu of hyoid bone

Front 59

the thyrohyoid muscle is innervated by

Back 59

C2 & C3

Front 60

the action of the thyrohyoid muscle

Back 60

depresses hyoid, elevate larnyx

Front 61

True or False:
the infrahyoid muscles all play a role depressing the hyoid.

Back 61

False: most of the infrahyoid muscles depress the hyoid bone: Sternohyoid, Omohyoid, & Thyrohyoid; however the sternothyroid depresses the thyriod cartilage and larynx