Muscles Anatomy

Front 1

Structural classification:joints named according to...

Back 1

1.Type of connective tissue (fibrous or cartilaginous)
2. Presence of fluid filled joint-capsule

Front 2

Functional classification:Joints named according to degree of movement

Back 2

1.Synarthroses (immovable)
2.Amphiarthroses (slightly movable)
3.Diarthrosis (freely moving)

Front 3

Parallel muscles

Back 3

long straplike muscles with parallel fasicles
ex. Rectis adominis

Front 4

Convergent muscles

Back 4

fascicles that radiate out from a small to wider point of attachment
ex. Pectoralis major

Front 5

Pennate muscles

Back 5

"feather like" fascicles attach in feather like formation
1.Unipennate
2.Bipennate
3.Multipennate

Front 6

Fusiform muscles

Back 6

fascicles converge to tendon on both ends and have "belly/pregnant" center
ex.Brachioradialis

Front 7

Spiral muscles

Back 7

Fascicles spiral/twist between attachments
ex.Latissimus dorsi

Front 8

Circular muscles

Back 8

circular form
ex.Oricularis oris (around mouth)

Front 9

Origin

Back 9

Point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts

Front 10

Insertion

Back 10

Point of attachment that moves when the muscle contracts

Front 11

Prime Mover

Back 11

a muscle that directly performs a specific movement

Front 12

Agonists

Back 12

any "mover" muscle that directly performs a movement, including the prime mover

Front 13

Antagonist

Back 13

muscles that, when contracting, directly oppose prime movers; relax while the prime mover (agonist)is contracting to produce movement; provide precision and control during contraction of prime movers

Front 14

Synergists

Back 14

muscles that contract at the same time as the prime movers; facilitate prime mover actions to produce a more efficient movement

Front 15

Fixator muscles

Back 15

joint stabilizers (type of synergist)

Front 16

4 components of muscle lever systems

Back 16

1.Rigid bar (bone)
2.Fulcrum (joint)
3.Load that is moved
4.Pull that produces movement (muscle contraction)

Front 17

First class levers

Back 17

fulcrum lies between pull and load
ex.tilting head back (L-face,P-back of head,F-Neck)
Not abundant in human body

Front 18

Second class levers

Back 18

load lies between pull and fulcrum
ex.lifting heel (L-tibia,P-calf muscle,F-ball of foot)

Front 19

Third class levers

Back 19

pull lies between fulcrum and load
ex.lifting weight (L-weight,P-forearm muscles,F-elbow)