Muscle Structure

Front 1

The three types of muscle tissue are:
1.
2.
3.

Back 1

The three types of muscle tissue are:
1. Skeletal muscle
2. Cardiac Muscle
3. Smooth Muscle

Front 2

7 Skeletal Muscle Structures are: (ABHE , MSV)

Back 2

Skeletal Muscle:
1. ATP (produce)
2. Bone (attach to)
3. heat (produce
4. energy (last used)
5. mitochondria (many)
6. striations
7. voluntary (movement)

Front 3

6 Skeletal Muscle Functions:

Back 3

6 Skeletal Muscle Functions:
1. Exits, entrances (Guard)
2. Body (temp maintained)
3. Movement (produce)
4. Nutrients (store)
5. Posture (maintain)
6. Soft Tissue (support)

Front 4

Each muscle has __ layers of connective tissues: (EPE)
1.
2.
3.

Back 4

Each muscle has _3_ layers of connective tissues.
1.epimysium
2. perimysium
3.endomysium

Front 5

Epimysium encloses ______.

Back 5

Epimysium encloses skeletal muscle

Front 6

Muscle fascicles are separated by ________, which divides the muscle into separate compartments of _______.

Back 6

Muscle fascicles are separated by perimyseium, which divides the muscle into separate compartments of fasicles.

Front 7

Perimysium provide each fasicle with ______ _______ and ______.

Back 7

Perimysium provide each fasicle with blood vessels and nerves.

Front 8

An elastic, flexible connective tissue, the endomysium surrounds individual muscle cells called ______

Back 8

The endomysium surrounds individual muscle cells called muscle fibers.

Front 9

The endomysium also loosely inter connects individual _____ ______.

Back 9

The endomysium also loosely connects individual muscle fibers.

Front 10

Endomysium contain 3 things:

Back 10

Endomysium contain 3 things: (CMN)
1. capillary networks
2. myosatellite (stem) cells.
3. nerve fibers

Front 11

The endomysium's capillary networks provide ______ to the muscle tissue.

Back 11

The endomysium's capillary networks provide blood to the muscle tissue.

Front 12

The endomysium's stem cells repair damaged _______

Back 12

The endomysium's stem cells repair damaged muscle.

Front 13

The endomysium's nerve fibers ______ the muscle.

Back 13

The endomysium's nerve fibers control the muscle.

Front 14

Each muscle fiber has many nuclei, mitochondria and other organelles.
True/False?

Back 14

Each muscle fiber has many nuclei, mitochondria and other organelles.
True!

Front 15

Perimyseum and endomyseum muscle fibers blend together to form a ________.

Back 15

Perimyseum and endomyseum muscle fibers blend together to form a tendon.

Front 16

Perimyseium and endomyseum muscle fibers also form a broad sheet called an ________.

Back 16

Perimyseium and endomyseum muscle fibers also form a broad sheet called an aponeurosis.

Front 17

When endomyseum and perimyseium contact a bone their collagen fibers go into the bone, forming a _____ attachment.

Back 17

When endomyseum and perimyseium contact a bone their collagen fibers go into the bone, forming a firm attachment.

Front 18

Muscle contraction requires a tremendous amount of energy.
T/F

Back 18

Muscle contraction requires a tremendous amount of energy.
T/F True.

Front 19

Muscle fibers receive oxygen from a vast ______ network that delivers ____ and ______ and carries away _______.

Back 19

Muscle fibers receive oxygen from a vast vascular network that delivers nutrients and oxygen and carries away waste.

Front 20

Skeletal muscles contract only when the ______ _________ stimulates them.

Back 20

Skeletal muscles contract only when the nervous system stimulates them.

Front 21

Nerve fibers, also called ______ stimulate muscle fibers.

Back 21

Nerve fibers, also called axons, stimulate muscle fibers.

Front 22

What are the three connective tissue layers of skeletal muscle tissue?

Back 22

What are the three connective tissue layers of skeletal muscle tissue?
1. Epimysium - layer of collagen fibers surrounding entire muscle.
2. Perimysium - divides muscle into compartments (peri=pares) containing one fasicle each. Made of collagen, elastic fibers, blood vessels and nerves that serve fasicles.
3. Endomysium surrounds individual muscle cells (fibers).
Contains capillary networks that supply blood to fibers, myosatellite cells to repair tissue, nerve fibers to control muscle.
4. Collegen fibers from epi and perimysium form tendons or broadsheets - aponeuroses.
5. Tendons and aponeuroses attach muscle to bone.

Front 23

How would severing a tendon affect the muscle?

Back 23

Because tendons attach bone to muscle the muscle could not move a body part.

Front 24

Epimysium surrounds

Back 24

skeletal muscle

Front 25

Perimysium separates __ and provides them with ____ and ____.

Back 25

fasicles
blood vessels
nerves

Front 26

endomysium surround=

Back 26

muscle fibers

Front 27

Blood vessels and nerves are provided to the muscle fibers by _____ and ______.

Back 27

Blood vessels and nerves are provided to the muscle fibers by perimysium and endomysium.

Front 28

Skeletal muscle has lots of ______, and _____, and attaches to ____.

Back 28

Skeletal muscle has lots of mitchondria and attaches to bone.

Front 29

Skeletal muscle is a _____ muscle and its "lines" give it ________.

Back 29

Skeletal muscle is a voluntary muscle and its "lines" give it striations.

Front 30

Skeletal Muscle Tissue is _____ active and requires lots of _________ to meet oxygen needs.

Back 30

Skeletal Muscle Tissue is:
metabolically active
requires lots of vasculature to meet 0xygen needs

Front 31

Skeletal Muscle Cells Are:

Back 31

Skeletal Muscle Cells Are:
up to 12 " long
developed from myoblasts that fuse together to create long fibers.
Have lots of from each of the myoblasts.
Contain myosatellite cells to repair it.

Front 32

Sarcolemma =

Back 32

Sarcolemma = Plasma membrane of muscle fiber

Front 33

Sarcolemma keeps _____ potential (unequal +/- ions), which is the ___ step in muscle contraction

Back 33

Sarcolemma keeps a trans-membrane potential (unequal +/- ions), which is the first step in muscle contraction

Front 34

T-Tubules transmit ______ _____ through cell and allow simultaneous muscle _______.

Back 34

T-Tubules transmit action potential through cell and allow simultaneous muscle contraction.

Front 35

Each muscle fiber contains hundreds of thousands of _____

Back 35

Each muscle fiber contains hundreds of thousands of myofibrils.

Front 36

Myocin protein is found in ___ myofilaments.

Back 36

Myocin protein is found in thick myofilaments.

Front 37

Actin protein is in ____ myofilaments.

Back 37

Actin protein is in thin myofilaments.

Front 38

Two Types of Myofilaments:

Back 38

Two Types of Myofilaments:
Thin = actin protein
Thick = myocin protein

Front 39

Myofibrils shorten muscles, creating _____

Back 39

Myofibrils shorten muscles, creating contraction.

Front 40

Myofibrils are encircled by _______.

Back 40

Myofibrils are encircled by t-tubules.

Front 41

Myofibrils are made of protein filaments called ________

Back 41

Myofibrils are made of protein filaments called myofilaments.

Front 42

Myofilaments come in two types:

Back 42

Myofilaments come in two types:
Thin filaments
thick filaments

Front 43

Thin myofilaments are made of ______ protein .

Back 43

Thin myofilaments are made of actin protein .

Front 44

Thick myofilaments are made of ________ protein and ____.

Back 44

Thick myofilaments are made of myosin protein and titin.

Front 45

Myofibrils are attached the inner surface of the ______.

Back 45

Myofibrils are attached the inner surface of the sarcolemma.

Front 46

SR Sarcoplasmic Reticulum:

Back 46

SR Sarcoplasmic Reticulum:
Forms a tube network around myofibrils.
SRtubes fuse around t-tubules and form terminal cisternae.

Front 47

2 Terminal cisternae + 1 tubule =

Back 47

2 Terminal cisternae + 1 tubule = Triad

Front 48

SR terminal cisternae store ______

Back 48

SR terminal cisternae store calcium

Front 49

Cisternae have calcium concentratons of 10000 x higher than calcium levels in _____

Back 49

Cisternae have calcium concentratons of 10000 x higher than calcium levels in sarcoplasm.

Front 50

When calcium is released from cisternae, contraction ______.

Back 50

When calcium is released from cisternae, contraction begins.

Front 51

Sarcomeres are the _______ functional unit of myofibrils.

Back 51

Sarcomeres are the smallest functional unit of myofibrils.

Front 52

Thick and ___ filament interactions start muscle contraction.

Back 52

Thick and thin filament interactions start muscle contraction.

Front 53

Sarcomeres contain bands:

Back 53

Sarcomeres contain bands:
I band = thin = actin protein

Front 54

I Bands are thin, with _____ protein.

Back 54

I Bands are thin, with actin protein.

Front 55

Z Line located at

Back 55

Z Line located at:
Center of I band, ends of sarcomere

Front 56

Titin from thick filaments extends to Z line and helps stabilize filaments.

Back 56

Titin from thick filaments extends to Z line and helps stabilize filaments.

Front 57

Z line:

Back 57

Z line:
Actinin filaments &
titin attach to it.

Front 58

I Band has ___ attachments

Back 58

I Band has O attachments

Front 59

I Band has ___ filaments and ___.

Back 59

I Band has thin filaments and titin.

Front 60

M line has:

Back 60

M line has:
thick lines
cross bridges for stability.

Front 61

H Band

Back 61

H Band
Myocin thick.

Front 62

Thin Filaments contain _____ Proteins.

Back 62

Thin Filaments contain 4 Proteins.