Mus 100 Unit 4

Front 1

The Classical Period is a period between ______ and _____

Back 1

1750 and 1825

Front 2

The “Classical Style” was developed (in particular) by several composers active in Vienna, Austria. THe three most prominent were:

Back 2

Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven

Front 3

Austria was “at the crossroads” with four other musical nations:

Back 3

Germany, Bohemia, Hungary, and Italy

Front 4

Which family/empire ruled Vienna and Austria during the Classical period?

Back 4

The Hapsburgs

Front 5

The height of Vienna’s glory was between 1780 and 1790 under the reign of emperor _______

Back 5

Joseph II

Front 6

Joseph II was known as the most “enlightened” of the Hapsburg monarchs because he (5):

Back 6

-Emancipated the peasants
-Furthered (public) education
-Reduced the power of the clergy
-Supported music and literature with his patronage
-Encouraged a free press

Front 7

While the Baroque faith in reason focused on controlling natural forces through science, the classical “enlightenment” focused on putting science to use _________

Back 7

benefiting the people

Front 8

The intellectual and philosophical movement known as __________ can be seen in the sentiment which helped found our country: "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness."

Back 8

The Enlightenment

Front 9

Some of the innovations that come from the “Enlightened” appreciation of good living are:

Back 9

The Salon
The coffee house
The public concert

Front 10

- Despite the rise of concerts, musicians still predominantly derive their livings from _______, _______ and ________

Back 10

the church, the courts, and the opera house

Front 11

- At the beginning of the Classical period, a light, frothy style called _______ prevailed in art, craft, and music

Back 11

Rococo

Front 12

In the Rococo period, music and art were there to _______, not to instruct or impress

Back 12

entertain

Front 13

A short piece developed in the Rococo period to entertain, divert, and amuse is called a ________

Back 13

Divertimento

Front 14

_______ was a champion of the enlightenment who wrote on numerous topics, spoke, composed music, and produced art; whatever his task, he championed the rights of the individual and the idea of “natural man”

Back 14

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Front 15

_______ questioned the baroque ideal of opera seria because the stories did not relate to most people lives in a meaningful way

Back 15

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Front 16

The _______, another adoption of the classical period, is a book in which realistic characters display “natural” feelings and behaviors

Back 16

novel

Front 17

_________ is rooted in the idea that people of the 18th century were recapturing the art, music, politics, and learning on the level of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

Back 17

Classicism

Front 18

Classical music had to deal with two predominant features:

Back 18

it had to be “natural” and it had to have “pleasing variety”

Front 19

True or False: composers of the Classical period were the first to ask for dynamic changes from the performers

Back 19

True

Front 20

List the instruments of the Classical Orchestra:

Back 20

Strings:
Violin I
Violin II
Viola
Cello
Bass

Woodwinds:
2 oboes
2 flutes
2 clarinets
2 bassoons

Brass:
2 trumpets
2 horns

Percussion:
2 TImpani

Front 21

True or false: In the Classical period, melodies were MUCH simplified from the Baroque model, and were very singable to audiences.

Back 21

True

Front 22

True or false: The tempos of Classical pieces tend to be irregular.

Back 22

False

Front 23

What key element found in the Baroque orchestra is missing from the Classical orchestra?

Back 23

The basso continuo

Front 24

What is the predominant texture of Classical music?

Back 24

Homophonic

Front 25

True or false: Despite the fact that composers were reacting against the complexity of baroque music, they retained the practice of writing polyphony.

Back 25

True

Front 26

The overall structure of a piece in the Classical period is called _______.

Back 26

Form

Front 27

There are four important forms in the Classical period:

Back 27

Sonata form
Minuet form
Rondo form
Theme and Variations form

Front 28

The most important genre of instrumental music in the classical period is the _______

Back 28

Symphony

Front 29

A _______ is the name for a large-scale multi-movement work for orchestra

Back 29

Symphony

Front 30

How many movements are in a symphony?

Back 30

4

Front 31

The symphony was the centerpiece of a new kind of musical performance called:

Back 31

a public concert

Front 32

The first movement of a symphony is almost always in _______ form.

Back 32

Sonata

Front 33

The second movement of a symphony can be in ________ form

Back 33

Any

Front 34

The third movement of a symphony is always in ________ form, a throw back to the dances of the Baroque

Back 34

Minuet

Front 35

The fourth movement of a symphony is in _______ form or ________ form.

Back 35

Sonata, or Rondo

Front 36

The most important musical form in the Classical period is _______ form.

Back 36

Sonata

Front 37

Sonata form has three primary sections:

Back 37

Exposition (A)
Development (B)
Recapitulation (A)

Front 38

-The _______ of a sonata form movement “exposes” the main themes or melodies of the movement in a very specific way.

Back 38

Exposition

Front 39

The exposition of a sonata form has four sections:

Back 39

Theme 1
Bridge
Theme 2
Cadence Theme

Front 40

The second section of a sonata form is called the _______

Back 40

Development

Front 41

The _______ of a sonata form movement builds suspense and tension in the piece by contrasting the themes of the exposition in new keys.

Back 41

Development

Front 42

In the _______ section of a sonata form the themes can be broken up, recombined, reorchestrated, extended, and in general shown in unexpected and interesting ways

Back 42

Development

Front 43

The end of a development section in a sonata form movement has a section called a _______ which serves to bring the piece back to the original key for the recapitulation

Back 43

Retransition

Front 44

The last section of a sonata form is called the _______

Back 44

Recapitulation

Front 45

True or false: the Recapitulation contains the same components as the exposition, but stays in the new key rather than returning to the tonic (home) key

Back 45

False

Front 46

The recapitulation section of a sonata form resolves the tension created in the _______

Back 46

development section

Front 47

Which of the three classical composers we discussed in detail did NOT come from a musical family?

Back 47

Haydn

Front 48

True or false: just like in the Baroque period, being a court musician was passed down from fatehr to son in the Classical period

Back 48

True

Front 49

In the baroque period, the unifying feature of a theme and variations movement was the repeating bass line, called a _______

Back 49

Basso ostinato or Ground Bass

Front 50

In the classical period the unifying feature of a _______ form was a repeated tune in the upper line

Back 50

Theme and Variations

Front 51

Classical variation form is also known as _______

Back 51

theme and variations form

Front 52

A coda is a section of music at the end of a movement, and is Italian for _______

Back 52

Tail

Front 53

Minuet form is also known as _______

Back 53

Classical Dance form

Front 54

True or false: the Minuet is the only Baroque dance to remain popular in the Classical period

Back 54

True

Front 55

Why did the Minuet survive into the classical period? (3)

Back 55

It was very popular
It was simple
It provided a good contrast between fast and slow movements of a symphony

Front 56

Much like a Baroque minuet with trio, the classical minuet had a _______ form

Back 56

ABA

Front 57

The first movement of Haydn’s Symphony 95 is a _______ form

Back 57

Sonata

Front 58

The second movement of Haydn’s Symphony 95 is in _______ form

Back 58

Variation

Front 59

The third movement of Haydn’s Symphony 95 is in _______ form

Back 59

Minuet

Front 60

Rondo is from the French for _______

Back 60

Round

Front 61

True of false: A rondo is a relatively simple form with popular leanings

Back 61

True

Front 62

True or false: Rondo forms vary, but all are similar in the respect that there is a theme that is alternated with contrasting material

Back 62

True

Front 63

Franz Joseph Haydn was employed for 36 years in the court of the _______ family

Back 63

Esterhazy

Front 64

True of false; Haydn was very talented, but difficult and moody

Back 64

False

Front 65

True or false: even though they lived in the same city, Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven didn't know each other

Back 65

False

Front 66

True or false: Haydn was a shrewd businessman

Back 66

True

Front 67

True or false: Mozart's incredible talent kept him in the spotlight for his years in Vienna

Back 67

False

Front 68

True or false: Beethoven was a child prodigy

Back 68

False

Front 69

The word _______ refers not only to the form, but also to a genre of classical music for a small number of instruments

Back 69

sonata

Front 70

True or false: Sonatas were written for private performance, whereas the symphony was for public performance

Back 70

True

Front 71

How many movements are in a classical Sonata (the genre, not the form)

Back 71

3

Front 72

How many movements are in a classical concerto?

Back 72

3

Front 73

True of false: The Classical Concerto has it’s roots in the baroque concerto, but Cannot use sonata form

Back 73

False

Front 74

The Classical concerto makes use of a special kind of sonata form called ___________ form

Back 74

Double Exposition

Front 75

Double Exposition form is a modified version of _______ form, designed especially for use in a concerto

Back 75

Sonata

Front 76

The first exposition section of a double exposition form is called the ________ exposition

Back 76

Orchestra

Front 77

The second exposition section of a double exposition form is called the ________ exposition and shows off the soloist

Back 77

Solo

Front 78

The recapitulation section of a double exposition form includes a ________ for the soloist to improvise or play an improvisatory passage

Back 78

Cadenza

Front 79

Mozart’s Piano Concerto in A, K 488, Mvt I is an example of the first movement of a classical concerto in _______ form

Back 79

Double exposition

Front 80

True or false: a string quartet is both a type of ensemble, but also the name of the genre of music written for it

Back 80

True

Front 81

What is the instrumentation of a string quartet?

Back 81

2 violins
1 viola
1 cello

Front 82

How many movements are in a string quartet?

Back 82

4

Front 83

True or false: the string quartet is structured identically to a classical symphony

Back 83

True

Front 84

Describe the movement plan for a string quartet:

Back 84

Mvt 1; fast or moderate tempo, sonata form
Mvt 2; slow tempo, variety of forms
Mvt 3; 3 beats per measure, minuet form
Mvt 4; fast/er tempo, sonata or rondo form

Front 85

True or false: like the symphony, the string quartet was written for public performance

Back 85

False

Front 86

Of the following instrumental genres, which two were for public performance?

Symphony
Sonata
Concerto
String quartet

Back 86

Symphony
Concerto

Front 87

Of the following instrumental genres, which two were for private/salon performance?

Symphony
Sonata
Concerto
String quartet

Back 87

Sonata
String Quartet

Front 88

Music written specifically for the salon or private use is called _______

Back 88

Chamber music

Front 89

The classical period saw the development of a new kind of opera, caled ____________ or comic opera.

Back 89

Opera Buffa

Front 90

True of false: Opera Buffa plots dealt with mythology or ancient history

Back 90

False

Front 91

True or false: Opera Buffa was written to engage all classes of society

Back 91

True

Front 92

True or false: Bass singers came to play prominent roles in Opera buffa, supplanting Castratti

Back 92

True

Front 93

An important innovation in Opera Buffa was the _______, which is a musical number involving two or more singers at the same time

Back 93

Ensemble

Front 94

A(n) ______ is a set piece for solo singer, where the character freezes a moment or emotion and sings about it for several minutes

Back 94

Aria

Front 95

_______ is an operatic technique of delivering dialogue or text in a musical way.

Back 95

Recitative

Front 96

True or false: The operatic technique of ensemble allows multiple characters to interact, while layering emotions or emotional themes in song

Back 96

True

Front 97

True or false: Mozart’s Don Giovanni is not an example of opera buffa because of it's dark ending

Back 97

False

Front 98

True or false: Beethoven wrote in completely new forms and styles, and shocked the concert-going audience

Back 98

False

Front 99

True or false: Beethoven had a long and comfortable career in the court of the Esterhazy family

Back 99

False

Front 100

At what age did Beethoven start going deaf?

Back 100

30

Front 101

Beethoven gained acclaim as a virtuoso _______ player

Back 101

piano

Front 102

True or False: Beethoven was not exposed to many enlightened ideas in his youth in Bonn

Back 102

False

Front 103

True or false: Beethoven grew up in Vienna

Back 103

False

Front 104

Betthoven's life is generally divided up into ______ period by historians

Back 104

3

Front 105

True of false: Beethoven's music was deeply impacted by the politics of the time

Back 105

True

Front 106

Beethoven dedicated his third symphony to _______, but scratched off the dedication later

Back 106

Napoleon

Front 107

There are three elements that make Beethoven's style uniquely his. They are:

Back 107

Rhythmic intensity
Motivic consitency
Psychological Progression

Front 108

Which of Beethoven's symphonies is his most popular, even today?

Back 108

Symphony 5

Front 109

One of Beethoven's innovations in the symphony is replacing the minuet third movement with a _______

Back 109

Scherzo

Front 110

A _______ is a symphony movement in fast 3/4 time, and is Italian for "joke."

Back 110

Scherzo