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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the reduction of fractures depends upon __
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a reversal of the injuring forces
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what do you check after you make sure the respiratory and cardio systems are assessed?
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the neurovascular status of the limb distal to the injury
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how can you demonstrate ligamentous injury with radiographs?
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stress radiograph --> part of limb distal to joint is deviated away from the side of the ligament being tested.
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the injection of dye into the spinal canal -->
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myelography
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what dye studies are useful after injury to the pelvis?
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cystogram or urethrogram
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what are scanograms?
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serial radiographs used to determine growth rate
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what are Technetium bone scans used for?
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radio-nucleotide scans that reflect bone metabolism and circulation which can be used to elucidate an occult fracture (seen as "hot") or avascular necrosis (seen as "cold")
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what are some markers of potential fat embolism?
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fat in aspiration fluid
fat in urine or sputum elevated serum lipase lowered PO2 following fracture |
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what is a comminuted fracture?
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fracture involving more than two fragments
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what is a sprain?
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partial tear of a ligament
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what is a strain?
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partial tear of muscle or tendon
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after trauma, what is the general order of treatment priority?
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Respiratory
Cardiovascular Neurologic Abdominal organs Urologic MSK |
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after initial assessment, the principles for preservation of life are ...
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1. keep the airway patent
2. control bleeding 3. prevent motion of injured spine 4. splint injured extremities 5. transport gently and avoid unnecessary haste |
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what are the 4 R's of fracture therapy?
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Recognition
Reduction Retention Rehab |
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what types of fractures is traction useful for reducing?
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communited
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the initial treatment of open fractures is __
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devoted to the wound
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wound less than 1 cm in length -->
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type 1 open fracture
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wound from 1-10 cm -->
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type 2 open fracture
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why does bone healing and remodeling happen quickly in kiddos?
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they have more circulating GH
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what type of deformity is least corrected by growth?
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rotation injuries
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what is delayed union?
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union has NOT taken place after sufficient time
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non-unions are characterized by __
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diminished blood supply to the fracture site
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what is the usual cause of malunion?
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inaccurate reduction
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ok, this is dumb, but see if you can name the 13 complications of fractures
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1. non-union
2. delayed union 3. malunion 4. neurologic injury 5. vascular injury 6. growth disturbance 7. osteonecrosis 8. infection 9. tendon injury 10. myositis ossificans 11. post-traumatic arthritis 12. embolus (fat or blood) 13. Sudeck atrophy |
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what is Sudeck atrophy?
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a vasomotor d/o assoc w/ intense pain and spotty osteoporosis which is usually relieved by resumption of normal activities.
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