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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absorption |
The transport of dissolved substance into cells |
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Digestion |
The breakdown of absorbing substances |
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Respiration |
The breakdown of food molecules with a release of energy |
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Excretions |
The removal of soluble waste materials |
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Egestion |
The removal of non soluble waste materials |
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Secretion |
The release of biosynthesis substances |
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homeostasis |
maintaining the status quo |
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reproduction |
producing more cells |
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cytology |
the study of cells |
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cell wall |
a rigid structure on the outside of a certain cell , usually plant or bacteria cell |
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middle lamella |
the thin film between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells |
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plasma membrane |
the semipermeable membrane between the cell contents and either the cell wall or the cell's surrounding |
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cytoplasm |
a jelly fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended |
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Ions |
substances in which at least one atom has imbalance of protons and electrons |
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cytoplasmic streaming |
the motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell's contents |
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mitochondria |
the organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy |
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lysosome |
the organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reaction that break down proteins, polysaccharides , disaccharides and some lipids |
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ribosomes |
non-membrane -bound organelles responsible for protein synthesis |
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endoplasmic reticulum |
an organelle composed of an extensive network of folded membranes that performs several tasks within a cell |
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rough ER |
ER that is dotted with ribosomes |
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smooth ER |
ER that has no ribosomes |
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leucoplasts |
organelles that store starches |
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chromoplasts |
organelles that contain pigments used in photosynthesis |
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central vacuole |
a large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution that contains a high concentration of solutes |
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waste vacuoles |
vacuoles that contain the waste product of digestion |
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phagocytosis |
the process by which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells |
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phagocytic vacuoles |
a vacuole that holds the matter which a cell engulfs |
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pinocytic vesicle |
vesicles formed at the plasma memebrane to allow the absorption of large molecules |
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secretion vesicle |
vesicle that holds secretion product so that they can be transported to the plasma membrane and released |
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Golgi bodies |
the organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and then modified to suit the needs of the cell |
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microtubules |
spiral stands of protein molecules that form a tubelike structure |
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nuclear membrane |
a highly - porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm |
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chromatin |
clusters of DNA , RNA and proteins in the nucleus of a cell |
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cytoskeleton |
a network of fibers that hold the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape , and aids in movement |
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microfilaments |
fine, threadlike proteins found in the cell's cytoskeleton |
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intermediate filaments |
threadlike protein in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments |
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phospholipid |
a lipid in which one of the fatty acid molecules has been replaced by a molecule that contains a phosphate group |
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passive transport |
movement of molecules through the plasma membrane according to the dictates of osmosis or diffusion |
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active transport |
movement of molecules through the plasma membrane( typically opposite the dictates of osmosis or diffusion ) aided by a process that requires energy |
