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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 Principles of Human Development
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1. Physical Growth & Develop
2. Psychosocial Development 3. Cognitive Development 4. Moral Development |
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3 Factors influencing Human Growth and Development
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1. Biological and hereditary
2. Environmental 3. Social factors |
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Growth
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Continuous increase in physical size over time
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Development
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process of gradual, successive change that moves from simple to complex as you age
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When does the most rapic growth occur
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Fetal Development
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Infant Growth and weight increases
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growth--1" a month for 6 mos
dbl birth wt first 6 mos triple by 12 mos |
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Accounts for 60% of increase in body length during infantcy
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Trunk
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Infant teeth begin to show
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6-7 months
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Muscle growth and dvlp in infants
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same number of muscle fibers as in adulthood--gross motor movement develops
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Infant neuro and sensory dvlp
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infant depends on reflexes-gag, sneeze, tears, blink
all senses present--just not developed |
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Infant rest
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20 hours a day newbor
1 yr old--12 hours |
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Childhood ht and wt
Toddler |
wt gain -5 to 10 lbs a year
ht of 3" a year |
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Childhood preschool ht and wt
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wt 5 lbs yr
2" in ht |
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Childhood school aged ht/wt
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2.5" per yr
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Childhood/Toddler growth
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Head cir 47cm at 1 yr--increases 2 cm 2nd yr
by 2 and a half all 20 teeth present |
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Childhood Preschool growth
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trunk, pelvis extremities grow faster
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Childhood School aged teeth
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at 6, molars replace baby teeth
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Childhood/Toddler muscle gr
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gross motor skills, fine motor skills begin with drawing
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Childhood/Preschool muscle gr
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fine motor skills increase
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Childhood School aged muscle
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accidents leading cause of death
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Childhood neuro
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total brain cells made by age 1--75% of growth by toddler, 90% by age 4, complete by age 10
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Childhood circulation
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by puberty, heart reaches 50% of adult in size
blood press near an adult by 12 |
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Adolescence ht/wt
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wt is approx 50% of adult wt
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Adolescence female/male growth
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occurs between 12-14-femal
14-16-male |
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Adolescence neuro
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neuro sys matures during childhood, yet myelin sheath increase in adolescence
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young adult age group
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20-40
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young adult wt/ht gain
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1 lb per yr
ht reached in 20's |
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young adult neuro
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brain size begins to decreast at 30
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young adult circulation
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strength of heart decreases 1% beginning at age 20
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3 Factors Affecting physical dvlp
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1. Biological and hereditary factors
2. Environmental factors 3. Social Factors |
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4 Stages of Piaget's Cognitive Development
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1. Sensorimotor Stage
2. Preoperational stage. 3. Concrete Operational 4. Formal Operational |
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Sensorimotor Stage
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birth to 2 yrs--stage of action rather than thoughts about action
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Preoperational Stage
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reasoning is internal and rigid, rather than flexible--use trial and error
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Concrete operational stage
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occurs bet 7 and 11 yrs
concrete thinkersand use logic, but cannot understand abstract concepts |
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Formal Operational stage
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use systematic, complex thought processes and are at the highest cognitive level--begins a 11
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3 Factors affection cognitive dvlp
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1. Biological and hereditary factors
2. Environmental 3. Social |
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8 stages of Psychosocial Dev
ERIKSON |
1. Basic trust v mistrust
2. Autonomy v shame and doubt 3. Initiative v guilt 4. Industry v Inferiority 5.Identity v role confusion 6. Intimacy v isolation 7. generativity v stagnation 8. ego integrity v despair |
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3 Factors that influence Psychosocial Dvlp
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1. Biological and hereditary
2. Environmental 3. Social factory |
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Def of Morals
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based on personal, internal values and beliefs
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Factors influencing moral Dvlp
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According to Kohlberg, the biggest influence is socialization
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Stages of Moral Dvlp-Preconventional Reasoning
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Preconventional reasoning
Stage 1-orienting to punishment and obedience Stage 2. focusing on individualsim and relativism |
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Conventional REasoning
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conformity to social standard--begins at early adolescence.
Stage 3--Seeking good interpersonal relatioships Stage 4--Maintaining law and order |
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Postconventional Reasoning
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Concerned with individual rights
Stage 5. distinguishing social rules from individual rights Stage 6--Seeking set of universal ethics or principles. |
