Mircobiology Unit Test 2-Vocab

Front 1

Chemotaxis

Back 1

movementof motile cell or organism

Front 2

Mycobacterium

Back 2

pathogensknown to cause serious diseases in mammals including tuberculosis leprosy

Front 3

Mycoplasma

Back 3

genusof bacteria that lack cell wall around their cell membrane. Unaffected by manycommon antibiotics.

Front 4

Streptococcus

Back 4

abacterium of a genus that includes the agents of souring milk and dental decayand hemolytic pathogens causing various infections such as scarlet fever andpneumonia.

Front 5

Streptobacillus

Back 5

gram negative, grow in cultures of rods in chains

Front 6

Staphylococcus

Back 6

gram positive, cocci shape

Front 7

Tetradarrangement

Back 7

groupsof 4 Cocci in a box or square

Front 8

Sarcinaarrangement

Back 8

acubical packet of 8, 16 or more cells

Front 9

Gram positive cell wall

Back 9

havevery thick cell wall made of protein called peptidoglycan

Front 10

Gramnegative cell wall

Back 10

thinlayer of a particular substance

Front 11

Flagella

Back 11

threadlike locomotor appendages extending outward from theplasma membrane and cell wall (filament, basal body, hookà3 parts from cytoplasm outward)

Front 12

Fimbriae

Back 12

short, thin, hair like appendages thatmediate bacterial attachment to surfaces

Front 13

Periplasmicflagella

Back 13

twisting and flexing locomotionappandages

Front 14

Sexpili

Back 14

transfers genes during bacterial conjugation, rigid/tubular appendages

Front 15

Endospore

Back 15

are metabolically inactive, resistant to heat and chemical destruction,radiation, are living structures that are dormant

Front 16

Lipopolysaccharide

Back 16

a polysaccharide portion and a lipid portion

Front 17

Peptidoglycan

Back 17

a polysaccharide polymer found in bacterial cell walls, consists of apolysaccharide chains cross linked by peptide bridges

Front 18

Plasmids

Back 18

often the site ofpathogenic genes

Front 19

Bacterial chromosome

Back 19

part of the nucleolid

Front 20

Spheroplasts

Back 20

bacterial cell in which the cell wall is deficient or lacking

Front 21

Protoplasts

Back 21

bacterial cell in which the cell wall has been removed

Front 22

Amphitrichous

Back 22

a single flagellum at each pole

Front 23

Lophotrichous

Back 23

a cluster of flagella at one or both ends

Front 24

Peritrichous

Back 24

a relatively even distribution of flagella over the entire surface ofthe bacteria

Front 25

Capsule

Back 25

layersof polysaccharides lying outside the cell wall, portect the bacteria fromphagocytosis, infection, etc, aid in bacterial attachment to surfaces andgliding motility. Capsules are typicallywell organized.

Front 26

Slime layer

Back 26

Same definition as Capsule. Slime Layersare typically diffuse and unorganized

Front 27

Gummas

Back 27

a small, soft swelling that is characteristic of the late stages ofsyphilis and occurs in the connective tissue of the liver, brain, testes, andheart