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13 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Calcium

MACRO:


Fxn: bone and teeth structure


Diet: dairy, fish, leafy green vegetables


Deficiency: typical; most dont drink enough milk


Toxicity: kidney stones, constipation

Phosphorus

MACRO:

Fxn: found in bones and teeth


Diet: widely found; dairy, meat, eggs, nuts


Deficiency: bone loss, appetite loss, weakness


Toxicity: can lead to bone resorption




Magnesium

MACRO:

Fxn: bone structure & metabolism of Ca, Na, K


Diet: leafy green veggies (chlorophyll), nuts, bananas, whole grains


Deficiency: in alcohol abuse, kidney disorders


Toxicity: caused by laxitives




Sulfur

MACRO:

Fxn: protein synthesis and pH regulation


Diet: found in amino acid Vitamins (biotin/thiamin)




Iron

MICRO:


Fxn: used hemoglobin transport O2 in blood


Diet:


-Heme: red meats, liver & kidney meats


-NonHeme: legumes, dried fruit, leafy green


Deficiency: Iron Deficiency Anemia


Toxidity: fatal; shock and liver failure







Zinc

MICRO:


Fxn: growth & development; pancreatic juices


Diet: red meat, liver, dairy, seafood


Deficiency: poor growth, delay sex development, hair loss, skeletal abnormality


Toxicity: Copper deficiency (binds to metallothionein)

Copper

MICRO:


Fxn: proteins that affect iron & lipid metabolism


Diet: organ meat, seafood, chocolate, nuts, seed


Deficiency: connective tissue issues in premies


Toxicity: Extremely rare

Manganese

MICRO:


Fxn: co-enzyme/activator: Superoxide Dismutase


Diet: Whole grains & nuts


Deficiency: growth retardation, repro issues


Toxicity: damage to nervous system

Selenium

MICRO:


Fxn: co-enzyme for glutathionine peroxidase


Diet: eggs, seafood, organ meats


Deficiency: increase cancer risk (Keshan dx)


Toxicity: hair loss, nail abnormalities

Iodine

MICRO:

Fxn: synthesis of thyroid hormone


Diet: seafood and iodized salt


Deficiency: cretinism in baby & goiters


Toxicity: thyroid enlargement looking like goiter


Chromium

MICRO:

Fxn: carb and lipid metabolism, glucose use


Diet: Brewer's yeast, liver, nuts, whole grains


Deficiency: not seen in US



Fluoride

MICRO:


Fxn: balanced dental health


Diet: fluoidated water, tea, marine fish


Deficiency; Increased cavities


Toxicity: excessive fluorosis on kids teeth

Molybdenum

MICRO:


Fxn: co-factor for enzymes in amino acid metabolism (DNA & RNA)


Diet: pork, lamb and liver, lentils


Deficiency: esophogeal cancer