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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List some other important S. aureus exotoxins and their mechanisms of action?
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1. Coagulase-Activates clotting, preventing phagocytosis.
2. Staphylokinase- Lyses thrombi and prevents body from walling off an infection. 3. Hyaluronidase- lyses the connective tissue matrix facilitating spread. 4. hemolysin/leukocidin- Lyses RBCs(beta hemolytic) and WBCs. 5. Beta lactamase- Cleaves penicillin family(Beta lactam drugs) |
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S. aureus is the most common cause of postsurgical wound infections. What other skin infections are associated with S. aureus?
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Impetigo/cellulitis, furuncles/carbuncles(hair follicle), mastitis(nursing breasts).
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describe the lesion in impetigo.
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Bullae that burst and become honey crusted.
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What is used to treat methicillin sensitive S. aureus infections?
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Beta lactamase resistant penicillin(nafcillin, dicloxacillin or Beat lactam/ beta lactamase inhibitor combination.
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How is methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) treated?
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Vancomycin/Bactrim, clindamicin, minocycline or ciprofloxacin, linezolid and daptomycin may also be used as alternatives.
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What differentiates Staph. epidermidis from Staph. saprophyticus?
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Novobiocin sensitivity. Staph. saprophyticus is the only Staphylococcus resistant to novobiocin.
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What are the two typical diseases caused by S. epidermidis?
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Prosthetic valve endocarditis and I/V catheter infection.
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What allows adherence by S. epidermidis to prosthetic material?
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Glycocalyx on its capsule.
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What type of infection is S. saprophyticus associated with?
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Second most common cause of UTIs in sexually active younger women.
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How do you treat S. saprophyticus UTIs?
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Fluoroquinolones or Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
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