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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the morphology of Borrelia Reccentis? |
this is a spirochete, but is larger/longer than (B. burgdorferi- the lyme disease one)
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What disease does Borrelia Reccentis cause?
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Epidemic relpasing fever
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What disease does Borrelia spp. cause?
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Endemic relapsing fever NOTE THE DIFFERENCE
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What gene causes the relapsing form of Borrelia Reccentis?
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VOMP- the variable outer membrane protein gene.
11 different proteins |
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Why is Borrelia Reccentis relapsing?
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because the bacteria uses 11 different protein coats at various intervals- confuses host immune system
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What is the major agent of ENDEMIC relapsing fever?
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Borrelia hermsii
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What is the reservoir for Borrelia spp (endemic relpasing fever)
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Ornithodoros hermsii
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Where is Endemic Relapsing fever (Borrelia) common? when?
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Far west US
may-september nocturnal ticks |
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How quickly is Endemic relapsing fever transmitted?
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within a couple min
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What is the vector for Borrelia Reccentis?
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human body louse- Pediculus Humanus
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How is Borrelia Reccentis transmitted?
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louse feeds on sick person, then the louse moves as original host develops fever.
bites new person, person crushes it- letting all the bacteria out |
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Where is Borrelia Reccentis common?
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East and central africa, and peruvian andies
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What are the primary stages of Borrelia infection?
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Acute symptoms-
high fever chills, HA, tachycardia, mayalgia symptoms lasting 3-6 days |
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What happens after the first fever of Borrelia infection?**
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a CRISIS!
rigors, increased pulse/temp then profuse sweating, hypotension- can be fatal |
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What happens in the latent phase of Borrelia infection?
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afebrile episode where bacteria replicate
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can you isolate Borrelia from the blood?
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no the bugs are in the organs
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What happens in secondary spirochetemia?
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relapses in infection with Borrelia, but a decrease in the serverity of symptoms with each relapse
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What is the most fatal form of Borrelia?
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epidemic louse born relapsing fever
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what type of immune response do your body have to Borrelia?
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humoral
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How do you diagnose Borrelia?
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visualize in darkfeild
stain with Wrights/gemisa stain Can see spirochetes among RBC's during fever periods |
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What is the Tx of Borrelia?
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doxycycline/tetracycline
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What does Leptospira interrogans look like?
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Spircohete, thin and tightly coiled
ends bent like a hook |
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Where does Leptospira interrogans survive best?
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freshwater
alkaline soils vegetation and mud |
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How is Leptospira interrogans spread?
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acute zoonotic disease spread by renal tubes of many animals- urinary shedding
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How is Leptospira interrogans transmitted between people?
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horizontal and vertical (mom to baby)
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are humans chronic carriers of Leptospira interrogans ?
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no
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What time of year is Leptospira interrogans most common?
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during warm wet weather
tropics, late summer/early fall |
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What do MOST Leptospira interrogans infections present as?
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subclinical
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What happens in the septicemic stage of Leptospira interrogans ?
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this lasts 4-7 days, abrupt onset of flu like symptoms
can isolate spirochete from blood |
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What happens in the second stage/immune stage of Leptospira interrogans ?
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Fever recurs
isolate antibodies from blood isolate microbe from urine, blood, csf |
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What are the symptoms of the second stage of Leptospira interrogans ?
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Aseptic meningitis** KEY
conjunctival suffuion (bleeding into eye?) Renal symptoms |
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What happens in the Icteric Stage/ Weil syndrome with Leptospira interrogans ?
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profound jaundice
renal dysfunction hepatic necrosis pulmonary dysfunction hemorrhagic diathesis |
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When should you consider Leptospira interrogans ?
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Flu like disease with aspetic meningitis or disproportionately severe myalgia
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How do you diagnose Leptospira interrogans ?
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MAT- microscopic agglutination tests (antigen+ pt serum)
Dip-S-Ticks (IgM antibodies) |
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What is the tx Leptospira interrogans ?
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doxycycline/amoxicillin if under 8
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