Microbiology Exam 3 Study Chapter 6 Sfasu Wagner

Front 1

Macroelements

Back 1

C O H N S P K Ca Mg Fe

Front 2

Micro-elements

Back 2

Mn Zn Co Mo Ni Cu

Front 3

Heteretrophs

Back 3

Use reduced organic molecules as a carbon source

Front 4

Autotrophs

Back 4

Use carbon dioxide as carbon source

Front 5

Phototrophs

Back 5

light energy

Front 6

Chemotrophs

Back 6

Get energy from reduce organic and inorganic compounds

Front 7

Lithotrophs

Back 7

Use reduced inorganic substances as their electron source

Front 8

Organotrophs

Back 8

Use reduced organic compounds as electron source

Front 9

Photolithoautotrophs or photoautotrophs

Back 9

Co2 as carbon source
light as energy source
purple and green sulfur bacteria

Front 10

Chemoorganoheterotrophs

Back 10

Organic as carbon source
organic chemical energy source
beggiatoa

Front 11

Photoorganoheterotrophs

Back 11

Organic Carbon as carbon source
Light as energy source
purple non-sulfur bacteria

Front 12

Chemolithoautotrophs

Back 12

CO2 as carbon source
inorganic as energy source
Sulfur oxidizing bacteria

Front 13

Nitrogen

Back 13

Needed for the synthesis of amino acids, purines and pyrimidines.

Front 14

Phosphorus

Back 14

Present in nucleic acids, phospholipids and nucleotides.

Front 15

Sulfur

Back 15

Needed for synthesis of certain amino acids.

Sulfur reduction is how its obtained.

Front 16

Amino Organic Compounds required by cell that cell can't synthesize

Back 16

Amino acids- Needed for protein synthesis

Purines and pyrimidines- needed for nucleic acid synthesis.

Vitamins- Function as enzyme co-factors.

Front 17

Passive diffusion

Back 17

Move molecules from area of high concentration to area of low concentration

Take up only small molecules

Front 18

Facilitated diffusion

Back 18

Involves carrier molecule (Permease) to increase rate of diffusion and move from high to low concentration.

more important in eukaryotes than prokaryotes

Front 19

Active Transport

Back 19

Move from low concentration to higher concentration using carrier proteins and metabolic energy.

ABC transporters use ATP to drive transport against a concentration gradient.

Front 20

Symport

Back 20

During active transport linked transport of two substances in the same direction.

Front 21

Antiport

Back 21

During active transport when linked transport of two substances in opposite directions.

Front 22

Group translocation

Back 22

Molecules are modified as they are transported across a membrane.

Phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) transports sugar into prokaryotic cells while phosphorylating them.

NOT USED BY EUKARYOTES

Front 23

Iron Uptake

Back 23

Difficult due to iron insolubitlity

Front 24

Supportive media

Back 24

General-purpose media for growth of a wide range of organisms

Front 25

Enriched media

Back 25

Supplemented by blood and other ingredients to encourage the growth of heterotrophs.

Front 26

Selective media

Back 26

Grows only a certain microorganism and inhibits the growth of the rest.

Front 27

Differential media

Back 27

Distinguish between bacteria on the basis of biological characteristics.