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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Destroys the infective agent without harming the host's cells.
Produced naturally and synthetically |
Drug
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Common metabolic products of aerobic spore-forming bacteria and fungi.
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Antibiotics
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Bacterias used to form antibiotic drugs
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Streptomyces and Bacillus
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Molds used to form antibiotic drugs
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Penicillium and Cephalosporium
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Drugs should kill or inhibit microbial cells without damaging host tissues
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Selectively toxic
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What are the 5 mechanisms of Drug Action
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1) Inhibition of Cell Wall synthesis
2) Disruption of Cell Membrane structure and function 3) Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, structure, and function 4) Inhibition of protein synthesis 5) Blocks key metabolic pathways |
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Example of Narrow Spectrum
Hint - Effective only against Gram + |
Bacitracin
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What types of drugs inhibit cell wall synthesis?
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Penicillins and Cephalosporins
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What are the Broad Spectrum Penicillins?
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Carbenicillin and Cephalosporins
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Antimicrobial drugs that disrupt cell membrane function, what are they?
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Polymyxins and Amphotericin B and nystatin
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Drugs that inhibit Nucleic Acid Synthesis, what are they?
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Chlorquine (malaria) binds and cross-links the double helix; quinolones inhibit DNA helicases.
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Drugs that block protein synthesis, what are they?
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Aminoglycosides (Streptomycin, gentamycin)
Chlormphenicol Tetracyclines block attachment of tRNA on the A acceptor site and stop further synthesis. |
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Drugs that affect metabolic pathways
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Sulfonamides and trimethoprim block enzymes required for tetrahydrofolate
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