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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the skin's barriers?
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Salts inhibit microbes
Lysozyme hydrolyzes peptidoglycan Fatty acids inhibit some pathogens |
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What are the mucous membranes' barriers?
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Line body cavities
Epithelial cells glued to an extracellular matrix Cells secrete mucus Some have cilia |
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What are normal microbiota of the skin?
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Gram-positive, salt-tolerant bacteria.
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What are the three types of normal microbiota?
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Staphylococci
Micrococci Diptheroids |
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Exanthem is...?
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Skin rash arising from another focus of infection.
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Enanthem is...?
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Mucous membrane rash arising from another focus of infection
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Vesicles are...?
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small fluid-filled lesions.
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Bullae are...?
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Larger fluid-filled lesions
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Macules are...?
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flat lesions (often reddish)
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Papules are...?
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Raised lesions
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Pustules are...?
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pus filled papules
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What is S. epidermidis?
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gram-positive coccli, coagulase-negative
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What is coagulase?
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an enzyme that causes blood to clot.
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What is S. aureus?
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Gram-positive cocci, coagulase-positive
Leukocidin Exfolliative toxin |
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What is Leukocidin?
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an enzyme that kills white blood cells.
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Folliculitis is...?
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Staphylococcal infections of hair follicles
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Sty is...?
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Staphylococcal folliculitis of an eyelash
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Furuncle (or boil) is...?
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Abscess-pus surrounded by inflamed tissue(staph)
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Carbuncle is...?
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Extensive furuncle invading other tissue around the infection.(staph)
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Other S. aureus infections
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Impetigo of newborns(lots of S. aureus)
Toxemia Scalded Skin Syndrome Toxic Shock syndrome |
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What is TSS?
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Toxic Shock Syndrome
Thought to be caused by a toxin. TSS in the 1980s strongly associated with tampon usage --nonmenstrual TSS occurs more frequently today in men and women. |
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What are the warning signs for TSS?
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Sudden fever (usually 102 or higher)
Vomitting Diarrhea Dizziness Fainting or near fainting when standing up A rash that looks like a sunburn |
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What is S. pyrogenes?
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Beta-hemolytic streptococci
Has serotypes A-T --A tend to be pathogenic Divided into 80 different immunological types according to the antigenic properties of the M protein found in some strains |
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What are M proteins?
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prevent the activation of complement system(antimicrobial proteins that are part of the immune system)
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What is Erysipelas?
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Streptococcal skin--
infects dermal layer of skin |
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What is Impetigo?
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Streptococcal skin--
Localized pustules that become crusted and rupture. |
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What are streptokinases and Hyaluronidase?
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Invasive Group A Strep Infections--
damage other enzymes |
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What is Exotoxin A?
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Invasive Group A Strep Infections--
Super antigen(toxin) |
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What is Cellulitis?
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Invasive Group A Strep Infections--
Attack of solid tissue |
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What is Myositis?
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Invasive Group A Strep Infections--
Attack of muscle |
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What is necrotizing fasciitis?
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Invasive Group A Strep Infections--
Attack of tissue covering muscle |
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What is P. aeruginosa?
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A Pseudomonas Infection
Gram-negative, aerobic rod Pyocyanin produces a green pus |
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What is Pseudomonas dermititis?
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A pseudomonas Infection
IE Hot Tub Rash |
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What is Otitis externa?
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A pseudomonas Infection
IE Swimmer's Ear |
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What are post-burn infections?
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A pseudomonas Infection
80% of burn victims get this. |
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What is Comedonal acne?
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Occurs when sebum channels are blocked with shed cells.
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What is inflammatory acne?
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Propionibacterium acnes
--gram-positive, anaerobic rod Antibiotics, peroxide, visible blue light |
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What is nodular cystic acne?
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Deep scarring infections
Isotretinoin treatment(acutane) |
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What is Scabies?
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The mite Sarcoptes scabiei burrows in the skin to lay eggs
500,000/yr in US Treatment: topical insecticides |
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What is Pediculus humanus capitis?
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Head louse (lice)
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What is p.h. corporis
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Body louse (lice)
--Feed on blood --Lay eggs(nits) on hair --Topical insecticide treatment |
