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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1) Nervous system control of voluntary muscles, perception, and thought is localized in the A) cerebellum. B) cerebrum. C) spinal cord. D) brain stem. E) meninges. |
B) cerebrum. |
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2) Functions of the meninges include A) support for the brain and spinal cord. B) transmission of signals from the peripheral nervous system. C) protection from external shock. D) production of neurotransmitters. E) support for the brain and spinal cord and protection from external shock. |
E) support for the brain and spinal cord and protection from external shock. |
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3) The optic nerves are an example of which of the following? A) motor nerves B) spinal nerves C) mixed nerves D) synaptic nerves E) sensory nerves |
E) sensory nerves |
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4) Which of the following would be found in a synaptic cleft? B) cell bodies C) axons D) neurotransmitters E) neurons |
D) neurotransmitters |
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5) The nervous system is described as "axenic" which means A) it is an oxygen-free environment. B) it is normally free of microbes. C) it is full of axons. D) there are no axons in it. E) it contains extensive lymphoid tissue. |
B) it is normally free of microbes. |
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6) Encephalitis is an infection of A) the brain. B) the meninges. C) neurons of the peripheral nervous system. D) the eye. E) the cauda equina. |
A) the brain. |
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7) Endocytosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae by various body cells is triggered by A) fimbriae. B) a polysaccharide capsule. C) secretory IgA protease. D) phosphorylcholine. E) pneumolysin. |
D) phosphorylcholine. |
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8) Neisseria meningitidis is characterized as A) a Gram-negative diplococcus. B) being rapidly motile. C) having a polysaccharide capsule and fimbriae. D) a Gram-positive coccobacillus. E) a Gram-negative diplococcus with a polysaccharide capsule and fimbriae. |
E) a Gram-negative diplococcus with a polysaccharide capsule and fimbriae. |
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9) Which of the following causative agents of meningitis requires heme and NAD+ for its growth? A) Neisseria meningitidis B) Streptococcus pneumoniae C) Listeria monocytogenes D) Haemophilus influenzae E) Streptococcus agalactiae |
D) Haemophilus influenzae |
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10) Which of the following is the leading cause of meningitis in newborns? A) Streptococcus agalactiae B) Listeria monocytogenes C) Haemophilus influenzae D) Neisseria meningitidis E) Streptococcus pneumoniae |
A) Streptococcus agalactiae |
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11) Which of the following causative agents of bacterial meningitis is transmitted by contaminated food? A) Neisseria meningitidis B) Streptococcus agalactiae C) Haemophilus influenzae D) Listeria monocytogenes E) Streptococcus pneumoniae |
D) Listeria monocytogenes |
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12) Which of the following is the least common cause of bacterial meningitis? A) Neisseria meningitidis B) Streptococcus agalactiae C) Haemophilus influenzae D) Listeria monocytogenes E) Streptococcus pneumoniae |
D) Listeria monocytogenes |
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13) The type of bacterial meningitis that becomes epidemic among adults is caused by A) Streptococcus agalactiae. B) Streptococcus pneumoniae. C) Haemophilus influenzae. D) Neisseria meningitidis. E) Listeria monocytogenes. |
D) Neisseria meningitidis. |
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14) Which of the following is true of foodborne botulism? A) It is an intoxication disorder. B) It is not a life-threatening infection even when left untreated. C) Large amounts of bacteria must be consumed to produce disease. D) Normal food preparation methods can prevent it. E) An effective vaccine is available. |
A) It is an intoxication disorder. |
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15) Which of the following produces the most deadly toxins known? A) Clostridium botulinum B) Clostridium tetani C) Mycobacterium leprae D) Listeria monocytogenes E) Chlamydia trachomatis |
A) Clostridium botulinum |
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16) How does tetanospasmin act? A) It blocks the secretion of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft. B) It blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters in the CNS. C) It triggers the endocytosis of skeletal muscle cells. D) It induces nervous system proteins to fold into abnormal shapes. E) It is a pyrogenic toxin. |
B) It blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters in the CNS. |
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17) A baby arrives at an emergency room suffering from violent muscles spasms and difficulty breathing. The baby's body is so rigid a proper exam is difficult, but the staff note the baby is only a few weeks old and the umbilicus has not healed properly. The signs are consistent with which of the following diseases? A) infant botulism B) acute bacterial meningitis C) tetanus D) rabies E) listeriosis |
C) tetanus |
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18) Tetanus vaccine contains A) antibodies against Clostridium tetani. B) inactivated Clostridium tetani endospores. C) antibodies against Clostridium tetani endospores. D) fragments of Clostridium tetani cell walls. E) inactivated tetanospasmin |
E) inactivated tetanospasmin |
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19) Hansen's disease is caused by A) Mycobacterium leprae. B) coxsackie A virus. C) prions. D) Streptococcus agalactiae. E) Neisseria meningitidis. |
A) Mycobacterium leprae. |
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20) Which of the following diseases is the result of a bacterial infection of peripheral nerves? A) botulism B) acute bacterial meningitis C) Hansen's disease D) tetanus E) rabies |
C) Hansen's disease |
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21) Listeria monocytogenes pathogenesis is directly related to its ability to A) produce a powerful toxin. B) form endospores. C) produce a polysaccharide capsule. D) live and reproduce inside its host's cells. E) resist most antimicrobial agents. |
D) live and reproduce inside its host's cells. |
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22) Which of the following causes of viral meningitis is transmitted by the fecal-oral route? A) equine encephalitis virus B) California encephalitis virus C) West Nile virus D) echovirus E) rabies |
D) echovirus |
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23) Viral meningitis is also called "aseptic meningitis" A) to indicate no bacteria are involved. B) because it is frequently a nosocomial infection. C) since it is treatable with antiviral medications. D) because it is vaccine-preventable. E) to distinguish it from encephalitis. |
A) to indicate no bacteria are involved. |
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24) The least common type of polio is A) nonparalytic polio. B) an asymptomatic infection. C) minor polio. D) paralytic polio. E) postpolio syndrome. |
D) paralytic polio. |
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25) Slow deterioration of muscle function occurring over many years occurs in A) West Nile encephalitis. B) postpolio syndrome. C) African sleeping sickness. D) minor polio. E) leprosy. |
B) postpolio syndrome. |
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26) Poliovirus is most often transmitted via A) contaminated water. B) household pets. C) mosquitoes. D) droplets. E) endospores. |
A) contaminated water. |
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27) Which of the following statements concerning rabies is FALSE? A) It is caused by an ssRNA virus. B) Transmission is usually via a bite from a rabid animal. C) Treatment includes vaccination. D) Bats are the source of most cases of rabies in humans. E) All mammals can serve as a reservoir for the disease. |
E) All mammals can serve as a reservoir for the disease. |
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28) Which of the following nervous system diseases is treated with both passive and active immunization? A) arboviral encephalitis B) botulism C) primary amebic meningoencephalopathy D) rabies E) West Nile encephalitis |
D) rabies |
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29) Rodents are the natural hosts for the virus which causes A) Eastern equine encephalitis. B) Western equine encephalitis. C) Venezuelan equine encephalitis. D) St. Louis encephalitis. E) West Nile encephalitis. |
C) Venezuelan equine encephalitis. |
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30) The disease known as cryptococcal meningitis A) begins as a lung infection. B) is caused by a Gram-negative coccus. C) results from exposure to bird droppings. D) is transmitted in respiratory aerosols. E) results from exposure to bird droppings and begins as a lung infection. |
E) results from exposure to bird droppings and begins as a lung infection. |
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31) Tsetse flies transmit A) African sleeping sickness. B) variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. C) trachoma. D) St. Louis encephalitis. E) Venezuelan equine encephalitis. |
A) African sleeping sickness. |
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32) All of the following diseases can be fatal if untreated EXCEPT A) primary amebic meningoencephalopathy. B) trachoma. C) rabies. D) tetanus. E) cryptococcal meningitis. |
B) trachoma. |
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33) Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease can be prevented by avoiding A) contact with mosquitoes. B) contaminated waterways. C) consumption of contaminated meat. D) contact with bird droppings. E) consumption of undercooked meat. |
C) consumption of contaminated meat. |
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34) In trachoma, which of the following becomes scarred and filled with blood vessels, resulting in blindness? A) the retina B) the conjunctiva C) the sclera D) the cornea E) the fibrous tunic |
D) the cornea |
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35) Which of the following is classified as a spongiform encephalopathy? A) botulism B) variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease C) Hansen's disease D) arboviral encephalitis E) African sleeping sickness |
B) variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease |
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36) The leading cause of meningitis in adults is A) Haemophilus influenzae. B) Streptococcus pneumoniae. C) Streptococcus agalactiae. D) coxsackie A virus. E) West Nile virus. |
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae. |
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37) The condition known as "pinkeye" may be the result of infection with A) Haemophilus influenzae. B) Trypanosoma brucei. C) Acanthamoeba. D) Clostridium botulinum. E) Chlamydia trachomatis. |
A) Haemophilus influenzae. |
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38) A child is brought to the hospital with a high fever, nausea, and vomiting, and complaining of headache. The cerebrospinal fluid collected by spinal tap is cloudy and contains spherical cells which stain Gram-positive. These signs and symptoms are consistent with A) primary amebic encephalitis caused by Naegleria. B) cryptococcal meningitis due to infection with Cryptococcus neoformans. C) bacterial meningitis probably due to Streptococcus. D) tetanus resulting from infection with Clostridium botulinum. E) aseptic meningitis from infection with Neisseria meningitidis. |
C) bacterial meningitis probably due to Streptococcus. |
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39) A young man is experiencing fever and severe headaches, and is having difficulty staying awake. He reports having spent time in Africa on a missionary trip several months ago. Recently he spent time in a park where he went swimming in the lake and was bitten by a bat he attempted to catch. His cerebrospinal fluid is nearly clear, and contains long, slender, mobile cells. This description indicates infection with A) Acanthamoeba. B) an enterovirus. C) rabies virus. D) Neisseria meningitidis. E) Trypanosoma brucei. |
E) Trypanosoma brucei. |
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40) One summer, bird watchers and zookeepers in a major city notice that more birds than usual are dying. At the same time reports of human encephalitis cases increase sharply. The cerebrospinal fluid of human patients is clear. Similar enveloped RNA virus particles are detected in samples from both birds and humans. Which of the following might be responsible for this outbreak? A) an arbovirus B) coxsackie A virus C) Cryptococcus neoformans D) Neisseria meningitidis E) rabies virus |
A) an arbovirus |
