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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Endospores |
- Cryptobiotic - Resistant to dry conditions, UV radiation, extreme pH changes, and disinfectants - Location and appearance of forming endospores can help to identify bacterium |
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Cryptobiotic |
No metabolic activity |
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Classifications of endospores based on location and appearance |
1. Central 2. Terminal 3. Sub-terminal 4. Enlarged sporangium |
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Central spore location |
A spore that forms in the middle of a cell |
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Terminal spore location |
The spore forms at the end of the cell |
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Sub-terminal |
The spore grows in a location other than the middle or end of the cell |
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Enlarged sporangium |
Terminal with enlarged sporangium The cell swells around the spore |
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Sporangium |
Spore generating cell |
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Reagents used in the Schaeffer-Fulton Endospore Stain |
1. Malachite green 2. Safranin |
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Malachite green |
Primary stain for spores |
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Safranin |
Counter stain for vegetative cells |
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After a slide is stained using the Schaeffer-fulton Endospore staining method, what colors will be observed and what do they indicate? |
Green: spores Red: vegetative cells |
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Examples of harmful endospore producing bacteria |
1. Clostridium botulinum 2. Clostridium tetani 3. Clostridium perfringens 4. Clostridium difficile 5. Bacillus anthracis |
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What disease is caused by Clostridium botulinum? |
Botulism |
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What disease is caused by Clostridium tetani? |
Tetanus |
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What disease is caused by Clostridium perfringens? |
Gas gangrene Food poisoning |
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What disease is caused by Clostridium difficile? |
C.diff |
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What disease is caused by Bacillus anthracis? |
Anthrax |
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Example of a positive use of an endospore producing bacteria? |
Bacillus subtilis produces bacitracin, an antibiotic |
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What bacteria was observed during this lab? |
Bacillus subtilis (endospore producing) Staphylococcus epidermidis (non endospore producing) |
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Procedure for Schaeffer-fulton endospore stain? |
1. Cover slide with a paper towel saturated in malachite green 2. Steam slide for 5 minutes 3. Cool slide, remove paper towel, and decolorize with water for 30 seconds 4. Counter stain with Safranin for 60-90 seconds 5. Rinse with water, blot dry |
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How does the dye penetrate the cell and stain the spore? |
The heat that the slide is exposed to during the steaming process allows the dye to penetrate and stain the endospores |
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