Micro Lab Practical Ii

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Euglena

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pellicle

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cytoplasm

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nucleus

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flagellum

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stigma

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chloroplasts

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mitochondria

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paramylum body

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contractile vacuole

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Amoeba

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pseudopods

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cytoplasm

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cell membrane

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nucleus

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contractile vacuole

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food vacuole

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Paramecium

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macronucleus

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micronucleus

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cytoplasm

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contractile vacuole

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cilia

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cytostome

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food vacuole

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pellicle

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chromatin

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cell membrane

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cytoplasm

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nucleolus

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nuclear envelope

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rough endoplasmic reticulum

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smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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Golgi body

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mitochondria

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centrioles

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ribosomes

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Gram (+) coccus

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Gram (+) diplococcus

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Gram (-) diplococcus

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Gram (+) cocci in tetrads

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Gram (+) staphylococci

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Gram (+) streptococci

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Gram (+) coccobacillus

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Gram (-) bacillus

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bacteria with capsules

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Gram (+) bacillus with unstained endospore

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bacillus with stained endospore

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Gram (+) bacillus

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Gram (-) bacillus

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bacillus with bulging endospores

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pleomorphic/club shaped

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pleomorphic

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Peritrichous

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monotrichous

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lophotrichous

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amphitrichous

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Describe Nutrient Agar (NA)

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Comex media that promotes rapid growth of bacteria.

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Descibe Sabouraud Dextrose agar (SAB)

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Cultural medium containing a high concentration of sugar (glucose) and a low pH (5-6) which molds grow on.

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Prokaryote

Phylum: Cyanobacteria

Genus: Oscillatoria

Named for oscillation in movement. Cyanobacteria are oxygenic photoautotrophs.

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Prokaryote

Phylum: Firmicutes

Genus: Bacillus

Endospore formers. Catalase & Gram positive.

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Prokaryote

Phylum: Proteobacteria

Genus: Proteus

Inhabits intestinal tract of humans/animals. Opportunistic pathogen. Causes UTI and wound infection.

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Prokaryote

Phylum: Firmicutes

Genus: Staphylococcus

MRSA causes infections, food poisoning, toxic shock syndrome.

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Prokaryote

Phylum: Firmicutes

Genus: Streptococcus

May cause strep throat and pneumonia.

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Virus

Family: Papovaviridae

Type: Human Papilloma Virus

1000 types of HPV. DNA Virus. 1/3 infect mucosal epithelium; can be sexually transmitted and a few may cause cancer.

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Virus

Family: Herpesviridae

Type: Herpes

8 herpes viruses that infect humans.

Can cause latent or lytic infections. Enveloped viruses.

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Virus

Family: Orthomyxoviridae

Type: Influenza

Enveloped RNA virus. 3 types influenza. Type A most likely cause major illness. 8 RNA segments.

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Virus

Family: Picornaviridae

Type: Rhinovirus

Contains RNA. Icosahedral symmetry.

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Virus

Family: Caliciviridae

Type: Norovirus

RNA virus. Transmitted fecal contaminated food or watern person-person contact.

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Fungi

Division: Ascomycete

Genus: Aspergillus

Produces aflatoxins, a mycotoxin which can induce liver cancer.

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Fungi

Phylum: Ascomycete

Genus: Penicillium

Only reproduces asexually. Used in cheese making. Conidiophores form conidia (spores) at tips of hyphae.

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Fungi

Phylum: Zygomycete

Genus: Rhizopus

Sporangium is fruiting structure.

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Fungi

Phylum: Ascomycete

Genus: Candida

Yeast like fungus. Causes candidiasis (thrush and vaginitis)

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Fungi

Phylum: Ascomycota

Genus: Saccharomyces

Baker's yeast. Typically reproduce by budding (red circle)

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Protozoa

Phylum: Amoebozoa

Genus: Amoeba

Single celled eukaryotes. Change shape by extending pseudopodia. Eat by phagocytosis.

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Protozoa

Phylum: Diplomonads

Genus: Giardia

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Protozoa

Phylum: Ciliata

Genus: Paramecium

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Protozoa

Phylum: Parabasalids

Genus: Trichomonas

Causes vaginitis or trichomoniasis. Infects genitourinary tract of both sexes.

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Protozoa

Phylum: Apicomplexans

Genus: Plasmodium

Are all pathogens. Signet rings form in RBCs, causes malaria.

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Parvovirus

Parvo in dogs

Icosahedral

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T bacteriophage (T7)

Complex structure

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Tobacco mosaic virus

Helical structure

Green is RNA

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Adenovirus

Icosahedral structure

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HIV virus

Enveloped structure

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Characteristics of Prokaryote?

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Means "before nucleus", no membrane bound organelles, lack histones, consist of bacteria and archaea.

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Characteristics of Eukaryote?

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Means "true nucleus", compartmentalized (have membrane bound organelles), DNA packaged by histone proteins.

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Shapes of bacteria?

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Coccus, bacillus, spirillum, pleomorphic.

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Some bacteria move by what?

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Flagellum (monotrichous, amphitrichous, lophotrichous, peritrichous)

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Gram (+) cell wall

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Gram (-) cell wall

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Endospore