Micro Lab Final

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enterobacteriaceae gram stain morphology

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gram negative rods

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gram negative, oxidase negative, nonsporing bacilli or coccobacilli that are faculatively anaerobic

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enterobacteriaceae

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other name for enterobacteriaceae

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enterics

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most frequently encountered microbes in clinical specimens

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enterobacteriaceae

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three groups of enterobacteriaceae

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coliforms, noncoliform opportunists, and true pathogens

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part of normal flora that are capable of fermenting lactose

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coliforms

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lack the ability to ferment certain carbohydrates

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noncoliform opportunists

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nonfermenters but not found as part of the normal flora

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true pathogens

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differentiate between _____________ by carbohydrate fermentation tests, the urease test, and the IMViC series

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enterobacteriaceae

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most common nonfermenter

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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differentiation of _______ from the enterics can be accomplished using the oxidase test as well as carbohydrate fermentation tests

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nonfermenters

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neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, and moraxella catarrhalis

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gram negative cocci

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diplococcus

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gram negative cocci

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gram negative diplococci in urethra or cervix

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gonorrhea

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gram negative diplococci in CSF

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meningitis

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oxidase test, carbohydrate fermentation tests, and the nitrate tests are used for species differentiation

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gram negative cocci

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common normal flora of the skin

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staphylococcus

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gram positive cocci

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staphylococcus

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most common isolate from the skin

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staphylococcus epidermidis

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nonpathogenic member of the staphylococcus genus

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s. epidermidis

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opportunistic pathogen of the staphylococcus genus

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s. epidermidis

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typically isolated from the nasal membranes, skin, intestinal tracts, and genital tracts

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staphylococcus aureus

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potential pathogen of the staphylococcus genus

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s. aureus

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can cause boils, impetigo, pneumonia, meningitis, food poisoning, and TSS

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s. aureus

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isolate by streaking on blood agar plate and studying hemolysis patterns

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staphylococcal strains

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coagulase test, the DNase test, and gelatinase tests are used to identify these strains at the species level

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staphylococcal

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most species are faculatively anaerobic and catalase is not produced

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staphylococcus

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gram positive cocci that appear in chains

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streptococci

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most are nonpathogenic but some are extremely pathogenic

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streptococci

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can cause strep throat, enonatal meningitis, endocarditis and gangrene

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streptococci

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differentiation between members of this genus from hemolysis produced on blood agar and the CAMP test

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streptococci

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share few characteristics

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gram positive rods

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two genera of gram positive rods

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bacillus and clostridium

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produce endospores

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bacillus and clostridium

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obligate anaerobes of the gram positive rods

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clostridia

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aerobes of the gram positive rods

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bacillus

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members of the normal flora of human skin that are gram positive rods

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cornyebacterium

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displya an irregular or club-shaped morphology

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corynebacterium

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colonial morphology and coloration, type of hemolysis, and the catalase and nitrate tests serve to differentiate these organisms

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gram positive bacilli