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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Primary Pathology for Osteoarthritis?
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Minimal inflammeation, Destruction of cartillage: Fibrillation, Eburnation, narrowing of joint space on x-ray, subchondral cysts, osteophytes associated with age
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Eburnation?
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Polished ivory, seen in osteoarthritis
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Osteophytes?
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Bony outgrowth
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Mlinical Manifestation of Osteoarthritis?
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associated with age, F>M, pain, morning stiffness, Limitation of motion, Spine hip and knee, DIP,
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Chondromalacia?
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Softening of Cartilage
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Ankylosis?
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Fixation of a joint
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Pathology of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
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Pannus, Destruction of articular cartilage, subchondrial bone exposure and destruction, bony ankylosis, nonsuppurative proliferative synovitis, lymphoid aggregates, no PMNs
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Pannus?
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Sseen RA, hypertrophy and chronic inflammation of synovium, dense lymphoid aggregates, no PMNs, nonsuppurative proliferative
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Rheumatoid Arthritis is a systemic disease?
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Skin: rheumatoid nodules
Blood vessels: vasculitis Lungs, heart, valves, aorta, muscles Amyloidosis secondary to inflammation |
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Antigen in Rheumatoid Arthritis?
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Unknown, activates MHC class II
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Possible causes for genetic susceptability in Rheumatoid Arthritis?
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MHC type-II
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CD4 and T-cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis?
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Activated by antigen/MHC II complex and releases cytokines
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Rheumatoid Factor?
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IgM autoa-antibody to the Fc portion of autologous IgG, RA is 80% positive for RF
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Clinical presentation of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
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F>M, 20-30 y/o, RF, Symetrical, extremities
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Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies?
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HLA B-27
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Ankylosing Spondylosis?
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Seronegative Spondyloarthropathy (HLA B-27), Axial joints and uveitis, aortitis, amyloidosis
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Reiter's syndrome?
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Seronegative Spondyloarthropathy (HLA B-27), Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis
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Enteropathiic arthritis?
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Seronegative Spondyloarthropathy (HLA B-27), IBD, arthritis
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Psoriatic Arthritis?
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Seronegative Spondyloarthropathy (HLA B-27), 10% of patients with psoriasis
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Nonsuppurative infectious arthritis?
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TB, Lyme, Viral
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Pathogen and vector in Lymes disease?
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Borrelia Burgdorferi, Ixodes scapularis(tick)
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Three stages of lyme Disease?
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Stage 1: Erythema Mignas, Weeks
Stage 2: Months, CNS and Cardiac Stage 3: Destructive chronic arthritis |
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Tic transmitted diseases?
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Lyme, STAR(southern tic associated rash), Ehrlichia, Babesia
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Gout?
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Crystal arthropathies, hyperuricemia, arthritis, kidney disease, acute and chronic
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Etiology of gout?
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increase uric acid, increase neucleic acid turnover, decrease excretion, inborn errors
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Pathology of Gout?
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Monosodium urate crystals, Tophus: urates inside inflammatory tissue
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Pseudogout?
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Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease(CPPD), Intraarticular crystal formation, idiopathic of herditary, no treatment
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Baker's Cyst
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Popliteal bursa (sac lined by synovium)
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Ganglion
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Synovial cyst, at wrist
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Etiology of Soft tissue tumors?
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Radiation, immunosuppression (AIDS), genetics: Neurofibromatosis, gardner syndrome...
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Most common location for Soft Tissue Tumors?
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Lower extremity(40%), Lower extremity(20%), Head and neck, trunk and retroperitoneal,
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Angiolipoma location?
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Upper extremity
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Most common sarcoma in adult?
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Liposarcoma
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Indolent Liposarcoma?
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Well differentiated
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Myxoid Liposarcoma?
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Intermetiate
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Round cell and pleomorphic liposarcoma?
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Aggressive, nuclear scalloping, mimics fetal fat cells
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Reactive pseudosarcomas?
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Nodular Fascitis, myositis ossificans
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Myositis Ossificans?
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Metaplastic bone, young history of trauma, swelling, pain, circumscribed and firm, DD could be extroaskeletal osteosarcoma
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Dupuytren contracture?
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Palmar superficial fibromatosis
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Peyronie disease?
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Fibromatosis of dorsal penis
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Fibrosarcoma?
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Rare, aggressive, retroperitoneal, thigh knee and distal extremities
Herring bone pattern |
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Dermatofibroma?
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Benign, common, dermis, subcutis, mid-adult
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Malignant Fibros Histiocytoma?
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Pleomophism, Storiform (cartwheel), Muscles in proximal extremities, Retroperitoneum, large and aggressive
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Rhabdomyosarcoma?
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Skeletal muscle, children, head and neck and GU(bladder and vagina)
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Leiomyoma?
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Benign, smooth muscle tumor, uterine fibroids, most common neopleoplasm in women, Fascicles intersecting at right angles
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Leiomyosarcoma?
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adults, f>m, Retroperitoneam, extremities
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Synovial sarcoma?
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Biphasic, epithelial like spindle, 70% lower extremities, 20-40 y/o, SYT-SSX1 or 2 fussion genes
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