Medical Terminology Musculoskeletal System

Front 1

How many bones are in the body?

Back 1

200

Front 2

How many muscles are in the body?

Back 2

600

Front 3

What are the functions for the skeletal system?

Back 3

Protect internal organs, provide a frame work of support for the body. Store calcium, and produce blood cells

Front 4

Joint

Back 4

Where two or more bones meet

Front 5

Articulations

Back 5

Another word for Joints

Front 6

What are the two main parts of a long bone?

Back 6

The diaphysis and the epiphysis

Front 7

What is the Diaphysis?

Back 7

The shaft or the long middle part of a long bone

Front 8

Epiphysis

Back 8

The end on each side of the long bone

Front 9

Periosteum

Back 9

Outermost layer of bone made up of fibrous tissue

Front 10

Compact Bone

Back 10

Under the periosteum and made up of hard layers of bone tissue

Front 11

Cancellous or "spongy bone"

Back 11

Bone containing little spaces that look like a sponge; found inside layers of compact bone.

Front 12

Endosteum

Back 12

Membrane that lines the hallow cavity of a bone

Front 13

Red Bone Marrow

Back 13

Thick material where blood cells are formed

Front 14

Yellow bone marrow

Back 14

A soft, fatty material

Front 15

Where is red blood marrow found?

Back 15

Flat bones and the ends of long bones

Front 16

Where is Yellow Blood Marrow found?

Back 16

The medullary cavity or the inner part of long bones

Front 17

What are the two type of bone marrow?

Back 17

Red and yellow

Front 18

Maxilla

Back 18

Upper jawbone

Front 19

Mandible

Back 19

Lower jawbone

Front 20

Vertebral column

Back 20

The vertebrae through which the spinal cord runs

Front 21

Cervical Vertebrae

Back 21

First set of seven bones, which form the neck

Front 22

C1 to C7

Back 22

Cervical Vertebrae

Front 23

Thoracic vertebrae

Back 23

Second set of 12 vertebrae that join with the 12 pairs of ribs to form the outer curve of the spine

Front 24

T1 to T12

Back 24

Thoracic vertebrae

Front 25

Lumbar vertebrae

Back 25

Third set of five large vertebrae that form the inward curve of the spine

Front 26

L1 to L5

Back 26

Lumbar vertebrae

Front 27

Sacrum

Back 27

The five vertebrae that fuse together to form a triangular bone between the two hip bones

Front 28

Coccyx

Back 28

Four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone

Front 29

Lamina

Back 29

Part of the vetebral arch

Front 30

Clavicle

Back 30

Collarbone

Front 31

Scapula

Back 31

Shoulder blade

Front 32

Acromion process

Back 32

High point of the shoulder or scapula

Front 33

Sternum

Back 33

Breastbone

Front 34

Xiphoid process

Back 34

Lower portion of the sternum

Front 35

Humerus

Back 35

Upper arm bone

Front 36

Ulna and radius

Back 36

Lower arm bones

Front 37

Olecranon process

Back 37

Projection at the upper end of the ulna that forms the bony point of the elbow.

Front 38

Carpals

Back 38

Wrist bones

Front 39

Metacarpals

Back 39

Hand bones

Front 40

Phlanges

Back 40

Finger and toe bones

Front 41

Pelvic bone

Back 41

Made up of three bones called the ischium, ilium, and pubis

Front 42

Ischium

Back 42

Lower, rear portion of the pelvic bone

Front 43

Ilium

Back 43

Upper, wing-shaped portion of the pelvic bone

Front 44

Pubis

Back 44

Anterior portion of the pelvic bone

Front 45

Acetabulum

Back 45

Large socket in the pelvic bone for the head of the femur

Front 46

Femur

Back 46

Large, upper leg bone

Front 47

Tibia and fibula

Back 47

Lower leg bones

Front 48

Patella

Back 48

Kneecap

Front 49

Tarsals

Back 49

Ankle bones

Front 50

Calcaneus

Back 50

Heel bone

Front 51

Metatarsal bones

Back 51

Foot bones

Front 52

Articular cartilage

Back 52

Smooth layer of gristle covering the contacting surface of joints for protection of the bones

Front 53

Meniscus

Back 53

Crescent-shaped cartilage found in the knee

Front 54

Intervertebral disk

Back 54

A small pad of cartilage found between each vertebrae in the spine that acts as a cushion and shock absorber

Front 55

Pubic symphysis

Back 55

Cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones fuse together

Front 56

Synovia

Back 56

Fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities

Front 57

Bursa

Back 57

Fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another

Front 58

Ligament

Back 58

Flexible, tough band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches one bone to another at a joint

Front 59

Tendon

Back 59

Band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Front 60

Aponeurosis

Back 60

A strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscle to bone

Front 61

What are the functions of muscles?

Back 61

Movement, posture, joint stabilization, heat production

Front 62

What are the three types of muscles in the body?

Back 62

Skeletal Muscles

Smooth Muscles

Cardiac Muscles

Front 63

Striated Musclez

Back 63

Skeletal Muscles that are voluntary in movement and help us move by attaching bone to tendon

Front 64

Unstriated muscles

Back 64

Smooth Muscles that are located in inside organs and blood vessels that are involuntary

Front 65

Cardiac Muscles

Back 65

Involuntary muscles found in the Heart

Front 66

Abduction

Back 66

Movement away from the middle

Front 67

Adduction

Back 67

Movement adding to the Middle

Front 68

Eversion

Back 68

Turning outward

Front 69

Extension

Back 69

Straightening a limb

Front 70

Flexion

Back 70

Bending a limb

Front 71

Inversion

Back 71

Turning upward

Front 72

Pronation

Back 72

Turning the palm downward

Front 73

Rotation

Back 73

Turning around on its axis

Front 74

Supination

Back 74

Turning the palm up

Front 75

Ankylosis

Back 75

Abnormal condition of stiffness

Front 76

Arthritis

Back 76

Inflammation of a joint

Front 77

Bursitis

Back 77

Inflammation of bursa

Front 78

Chondromalacia

Back 78

Softening of the cartilage

Front 79

Cranioschisis

Back 79

Fissure of the skull

Front 80

Diskitis

Back 80

Inflammation of an invertebral disk

Front 81

Fibromyalgia

Back 81

Pain in the fibrous tissue and muscles

Front 82

Kyphosis

Back 82

Abnormal condition of a hump

Front 83

Lordosis

Back 83

Abnormal condition of bending forward

Front 84

Maxillitis

Back 84

Inflammation of the maxilla

Front 85

Meniscitis

Back 85

Inflammation of the meniscus

Front 86

Myasthenia

Back 86

Muscle weakness

Front 87

Myeloma

Back 87

Tumor of the bone marrow

Front 88

Osteitis

Back 88

Inflammation of the bone

Front 89

Osteoarthritis

Back 89

Inflammation of the bone and joint

Front 90

Osteochondritis

Back 90

Inflammation of the bone and cartilage

Front 91

Osteofibroma

Back 91

Tumor of the bone and fibrous tissue

Front 92

Osteomalacia

Back 92

Softening of the bones

Front 93

Osteomyelitis

Back 93

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

Front 94

Osteopenia

Back 94

Abnormal reduction of bone mass

Front 95

Osteopetrosis

Back 95

Abnormal condition of stone-like bones

Front 96

Osteosarcoma

Back 96

Malignant tumor of the bone

Front 97

Polymyositis

Back 97

Inflammation of many muscles

Front 98

Rachoschisis

Back 98

Fissure of the vertebral column

Front 99

Scoliosis

Back 99

Abnormal curve of the spine

Front 100

Spondylarthritis

Back 100

Inflammation of the vertebral column

Front 101

Spondylosis

Back 101

Abnormal condition of the vertebrae

Front 102

Tendinitis

Back 102

Inflammation of the tendon

Front 103

Tenosynovitis

Back 103

Inflammation of the tendon and the synovial membrane

Front 104

Ankylosing spondylitis

Back 104

Form of arthritis that first affects the spine and adjacent structures and that causes a forward bend of the spine

Front 105

Bunion

Back 105

Abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

Front 106

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Back 106

A common nerve entrapment disorder of the wrist causes by compression of the median nerve

Front 107

Colles fracture

Back 107

A type of wrist fracture that's at the lower end of the radius

Front 108

Exostosis

Back 108

Abnormal benign growth on the surface of the bone

Front 109

Fracture

Back 109

Broken bone

Front 110

Gout

Back 110

A disease caused by and excessive amount of uric acid in the blood, which causes sodium urate crystals to be deposited in the joints and produce arthritis

Front 111

Herniated disk

Back 111

Rupture of the invertebral disk cartilage, which allows the contents to protrude through, putting pressure on the spinal nerve roots.

Front 112

Lyme disease

Back 112

An infection caused by a bacteria carried by deer ticks and transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tick

Front 113

Muscular dystrophy

Back 113

Group of hereditary diseases characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness

Front 114

Myasthenia gravis

Back 114

Chronic disease characterized by muscle weakness and thought to be caused by a defect in the transmission of impulses from nerve to muscle cell

Front 115

Osteoporosis

Back 115

Abnormal loss of bone density occurring predominantly in postmenopausal women, which can lead to an increase in fractures of the ribs, thoracic and limbar, vertebrae, hips, and wrists

Front 116

Rheumatoid arthritis

Back 116

A chronic systemic disease characterized by autoimmune inflammatory changes in the connective tissue throughout the body

Front 117

Spinal stenosis

Back 117

Narrowing of the spinal cavity with compression of nerve roots

Front 118

Spondylolisthesis

Back 118

Forward slipping of one vertebrae over another

Front 119

Arthralgia

Back 119

Pain in the joint

Front 120

Arthrography

Back 120

Radiographic imaging of a joint

Front 121

Arthroscopy

Back 121

Visual examination of a joint

Front 122

Atrophy

Back 122

Without development

Front 123

Bradykinesia

Back 123

Slow movement

Front 124

Carpal

Back 124

Pertaining to the wrist

Front 125

Cranial

Back 125

Pertaining to the cranium

Front 126

Dyskinesia

Back 126

Difficult movement

Front 127

Dystrophy

Back 127

Abnormal development

Front 128

Electromyogram (EMG)

Back 128

Record of the electrical activity in the skeletal system

Front 129

Femoral

Back 129

Pertaining to the femur

Front 130

Humeral

Back 130

pertaining to the humerus

Front 131

Hyperkinesia

Back 131

Excessive movement

Front 132

Hypertrophy

Back 132

Excessive development

Front 133

Iliofemoral

Back 133

Pertaining to the iliun and femur

Front 134

Intercostal

Back 134

Pertaining to the ribs

Front 135

Intervertebral

Back 135

Pertaining to the vertebrae

Front 136

Intracranial

Back 136

Pertaining to within the cranium

Front 137

Ischiofibular

Back 137

Pertaining to the ischium and fibula

Front 138

Ischiopubic

Back 138

Pertaining to the pubis

Front 139

Lumbar

Back 139

Pertaining to the lumbar section

Front 140

Lumbocostal

Back 140

Pertaining to the lumbar and the ribs

Front 141

Lumbosacral

Back 141

Pertaining to the lumbar region of the sacrum

Front 142

Osteoblast

Back 142

Developing bone cell

Front 143

Osteocyte

Back 143

Bone cell

Front 144

Osteonecrosis

Back 144

Abnormal death of bone

Front 145

Pelvic

Back 145

Pertaining to the pelvis

Front 146

Pelvisacral

Back 146

pertaining to the pelvis and sacrum

Front 147

Pubic

Back 147

Pertaining to the pubis

Front 148

Pubifemoral

Back 148

Pertaining to the pubis and femur

Front 149

Sacral

Back 149

Pertaining to the sacrum

Front 150

Sternoclavicular

Back 150

Pertaining to the sternum and clavicle

Front 151

Sternoid

Back 151

Resembling the sternum

Front 152

Subcostal

Back 152

Pertaining to below the rib

Front 153

Submandibular

Back 153

Pertaining to below the mandible

Front 154

Submaxillary

Back 154

Pertaining to below the maxilla

Front 155

Subscapular

Back 155

Pertaining to below the scapula

Front 156

Substernal

Back 156

Pertaining to below the sternum

Front 157

Suprapatellar

Back 157

Pertaining to above the patella

Front 158

Suprascapular

Back 158

Pertaining to above the scapula

Front 159

Symphysis

Back 159

Growing together

Front 160

Vertebrocostal

Back 160

Pertaining to the vertebrae and the ribs

Front 161

Orthopedics

Back 161

Branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of disease and abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system

Front 162

Orthotics

Back 162

Making and fitting of orthopedic devices used to support, align, prevent or correct deformities

Front 163

Osteopath

Back 163

Physician who specializes in osteopathy

Front 164

Osteopathy

Back 164

Medicine that places greater emphasis on the role of the relation between body organs and the musculoskeletal system

Front 165

Podiatrist

Back 165

Specialist in treating and diagnosing diseases and disorders of the foot

Front 166

Aponeurorrhaphy

Back 166

Suture of an Aponeurosis

Front 167

Arthrocentesis

Back 167

Surgical puncture of a joint to aspirate fluid

Front 168

Arthroclasia

Back 168

Breaking of a joint for procedural purposes

Front 169

Arthrodesis

Back 169

Surgical fixation of a joint

Front 170

Arthroplasty

Back 170

Surgical repair of a joint

Front 171

Bursectomy

Back 171

Excision of a bursa

Front 172

Carpectomy

Back 172

Excision of a carpal bone

Front 173

Chondrectomy

Back 173

Excision of a cartilage

Front 174

Costectomy

Back 174

Excision of a rib

Front 175

Cranioplasty

Back 175

Incision of the skull

Front 176

Distecktomy

Back 176

Excision of an intervertebral disk

Front 177

Laminectomy

Back 177

Excision of a lamina

Front 178

Maxillectomy

Back 178

Excision of the maxilla

Front 179

Meniscectomy

Back 179

Exicision of the meniscus

Front 180

Myorrhaphy

Back 180

Suture of the muscle

Front 181

Osteoclasis

Back 181

Surgical breaking of a bone to correct a deformity

Front 182

Patellectomy

Back 182

Exicsion of the patella

Front 183

Phalengectomy

Back 183

Exiscion of a finger or toe bone

Front 184

Rachiotomy

Back 184

Incision into the vertebral column

Front 185

Spondylosyndesis

Back 185

Fusing together of the vertebrae

Front 186

Synovectomy

Back 186

Excision of the synovial membrane

Front 187

Tarsectomy

Back 187

Excision of tarsal bones

Front 188

Tenomyoplasty

Back 188

Surgical repair of the tendon and muscle

Front 189

Tenorrhaphy

Back 189

Suture of a tendon

Front 190

Vertebroplasty

Back 190

Surgical repair of vertebra