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115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cells
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smallest part of the body
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Systems
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largest part of the body
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Cell membrane
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outer covering of the cell also known as the plasma membrane
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Nucleus
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is the center of the cell and acts as the brain, contains all the chromosomes
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Chromosomes
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are made of dna which contain genes
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Genes
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the material that determines our gender, inherited diseases and other characteristics
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Cytoplasm
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a watery substance that surrounds the nucleus and contains organelles
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Organelles
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– contain instructions for cells on hoe to reproduce, move and perform other tasks
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Ribosomes
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manufacture protein are small
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Tissues
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group of cells that work together to perform a single function
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Connective tissue
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– tissue that connects body parts together
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Epithelial tissue
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tissue that covers internal and external surfaces of the body ie skin
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Muscle tissue
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tissue that allows the body to move
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nervous tissue
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tissue that transmits messages to and from the brain/spinal cord to other parts of the body
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Body cavity
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a space
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Dorsal cavity
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on the back of the body
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Ventral cavity
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cavity on the front of the body
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Thoracic cavity
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holds the heart, lungs and major blood vessels
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Diaphragm
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muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities is under thoracic cavity
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Abdominal
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cavity holds the organs of the digestive urinary systems
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Pelvic cavity
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lowest on the body and contains the reproductive system
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Anterior
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the front side or ventral
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Posterior
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back side or dorsal
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Inferior
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is below
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Superior
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is above
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Lateral
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to the side
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Medial
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in the middle
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Proximal
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close to the point of attachment to the trunk
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Distal
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away from the point of attachment
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Supine
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lying face up
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Prone
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lying face down
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Deep
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down in the surface such as a wound
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Superficial
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on or near the surface
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Frontal (coronal) plane
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– divides the body into anterior and posterior sides (front and back)
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Medial (midsagittal) Plane
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divides the body into equal right and left halves
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Transverse (cross-sectional) plane
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– intersects the body horizontally in the middle and divides the body into upper and lower sections
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Aur(i) or Auricul(o)
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ear
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Encephal
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brain
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Mening
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meninges
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Myel(o)
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spinal cord, bone marrow
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Rachi(o)
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spine
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Spodyl(o)
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vertebra
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Vertebr(o)
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vertebra
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Aort(o)
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aorta
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Costi/costo
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rib
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Mast(o)
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breast
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My(o)
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muscle
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Pneumon(o)
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lungs, air, breathing
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Celi(o)
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abdomen
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Chol(e)
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bile
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Entero
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intestines
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Hepato/hepatic
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liver
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Reni/reno
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kidney
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Vesic(o)
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bladder
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Colp(o)
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vagina
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Gonad
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sex glands
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Hyster(o)
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unterus, histeria
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Oo
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egg
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Oophoro
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ovary
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Pelvi
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pelvic bone
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Arteri(o)
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artery
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Cyto
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cell
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Hidro
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sweat
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Histi/histo
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tissue
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Neur, neuro
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nerve
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Vas(o)
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blood vessel, duct
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Organ systems
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composes the whole body
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Zygote
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single fertilized cell origin of every cell in your body
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Oocyte
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egg
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Cytology
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the study of cell structure and function
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Blastocyst
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first 2 weeks of the developing embryo
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Cellular
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pertaining to a cell
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Fertilization
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union of a male sperm and a female egg
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Ation
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process
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Holistic
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pertaining to care of the whole person
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Molecule
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small particle consisting of 2 or more atoms held tightly together
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Organ
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structure with specific functions in a body
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Organelle
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part of a cell having a specialized function
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Tissue
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collection of similar cells
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Vitro
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process of combining a sperm and egg in a laboratory dish and placing resulting embryos inside a uterus
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Cytoplasm
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fluid inside a cell
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Anabolism
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manufacture of protein from simple materials
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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organelle that makes steroids, cholesterol and other lipids and proteins
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Golgi complex
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synthesizes carbohydrates
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Lysosomes
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organelles that are garbage disposal units of a cell
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Metabolism
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the sum of the physical and chemical processes in a cell
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Mitochondria
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powerhouses of the cells
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Reticul
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network
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Chromat
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color
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Chromatid
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one of the two strands of a chromosome
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Anabol
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build up
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ACL
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anterior cruciate ligament
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Histology
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the study of the structure and function of a cell
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Excrete
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to pass waste products
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Graft
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transplantation of living tissue
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Meniscus
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disc of connective tissue cartilage between the bones of a joint
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Patella
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this circular bone in front of the knee joint
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Secrete
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produce a chemical substance in a cell and release it from the cell
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Collateral
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situated at the side
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Epithelium
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tissue that covers surfaces or lines cavities
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Anterior
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front of the body
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Bones of the knee joint
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femur, tibia and patella
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Osteoblasts
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bone forming cells
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Osteocytes
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bone maintaining cell
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Osteoclasts
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bone removing cell
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Periosteum
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thick fibrous tissue that cover bones
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Cartilage
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firm connective tissue found mostly in joints
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Ligaments
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strips or bands of fibrous connective tissue
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Fibroblasts
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cells that form collagen fibers
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Tendons
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thick strong ligaments that attach muscles to bone
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Joint capsule
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is attached to the tibia and femur and encloses the joint cavity
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Synovial fluid
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a lubricant in the joints
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Synovial membrane
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lines the inner surface of many joint capsules
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Matrix
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substance that surrounds cells, is manufactured by the cells and holds them together
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Nutrient
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a substance in food required for normal physiologic function
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