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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Edison
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Built the first motion picture studio, films were run through a kinetoscope.
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Lumiere Brothers
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Cinematographe - actually projected film
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Melies
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One of the first to make narrative motion pictures, including A Trip to the Moon
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Nickelodeon
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Very first movie houses. Entry was a nickel.
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Motion Picture Patents Company
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Owned by Edison. Company was owners of patents, forced film producers to adhere to strict rules: motivated the move of the motion picture industry to California to avoid scrutiny of the MPPC.
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Motion Picture Production Code
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A list of things that if you did do in your film, you were fined heavily. Forbid profanity, bedroom scenes, scenes that ridiculed public officials, limited length of on-screen kisses. Failure to adhere to rules lead to fines.
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House on Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
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Stems from the Red Scare. Congress formed the committee to rid Hollywood of supposed “communist influence.” Intended to limit communist propaganda in popular film. The Hollywood 10- a list of prominent film industry leaders who refused to answer their questions, claiming they were unconstitutional, leading to their imprisonment.
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The Paramount Decision (1948)
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Dealt with theater ownership. Supreme Court prevented film studios from running monopolies on theaters and cinemas, giving all filmmakers access and increasing competition in the film industry.
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Three Component System
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Filmmaking as an industry falls into 3 components: Production, Distribution, and Exhibition. The process of promoters accepting a film for production is called greenlighting. The platform rollout opens the film to a limited release, trusting that word of mouth and the quality of the film will lead it into wider distribution.
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Blockbuster Mentality, Merchandise Tie-Ins
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Formulaic films primarily dominated by business concerns in order to generate profits. Concept films including sequels, remakes, and reproduction of outside sources such as video games and comic books in the interest of utilizing familiar audiences to guarantee the success of a film. Films are developed for their ability to generate interest in film-related product merchandise.
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This Film is Not Yet Rated (2006)
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The rating system is unconstitutional and constitutes censorship. The MPAA Ratings Board is anonymous and not transparent to the public, precedent and guidelines may not be clear, and sexual elements of film are drastically imbalanced. An NC-17 film rating may often be a film’s death sentence.
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Quiz Show Scandal/Advertising
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Producers rigged gameshow results to increase drama and ideal consumers as prize winners of the sponsoring product. Single shows would be sponsored by one advertiser, giving the advertiser a very strong influence in content. After scandal, networks used the drama to switch to a 30-second and 60-second commercial spot system, birth of modern “commercials.”
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Impact of I Love Lucy on Production/Distribution
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Moved TV industry from NYC to California
Reuse of stock shots for exteriors and film cameras allowed reruns and syndication and cheaper, quicker production Insisted Desi Arnez played her husband on the show, the first featuring of an interracial couple on a popular sitcom. |
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McCarthyism and E.R. Murrow
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Bold use of TV to alert audiences of the injustice of the Red Scare and McCarthyism. Murrow called out McCarthy on his popular program See It Now. This brought about the end of McCarthyism.
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Nielson Rating System
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Includes audience feedback and gives audience a voice in what they want to watch, influencing production.
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The Network Era
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Late 1950’s-Late 1970’s. CBS, NBC, ABC dictated almost all television programming. Networks peak in the 70’s but fall into decline due to new technologies, cable television networks, government intervention.
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Reality TV issues/concerns
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Writers struggle for legitimacy because reality scripts are often unacknowledged. Quick profit models make series short-lived and do not often last into syndication. Reality TV shows are often strong platforms to sell products.
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Video Games
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Use of scientific method, hypothesis, problem solving. Not what you are playing but rather the way you are playing.
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Television
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Less of an easy-watch, more of a “flurry of information” that challenges the viewer to follow complex narratives.
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Internet
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Rise of digitally mediated communication. Challenges in three ways: being participatory, forcing users to learn new interfaces, and always providing new channels for social interaction
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Film
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Similar to television; growing narrative complexity and nonlinear formats
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The Sleeper Curve
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The most debased forms of mass diversion turn out to be good for us after all. Media that people traditionally refer to as unintelligent actually helps the learning process.
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ARPA, ARPANET
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Distributed networks
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Centralized, Decentralized, & Distributed Networks
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Centralized: one point (clogging) heavy traffic
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Berners-Lee, Tomlinson
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Tim Berners-Lee started conception of the internet in 1992.
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boyd’s 4 critical aspecs of social network sites:
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Profile, Friends, Comments, Newsfeed
Significance of Blogs/Blogging |
