Med. Vocab./leonard C14 - Skeleton Anatomy

Front 1

diaphysis

Back 1

long shaft of a long bone

Front 2

epiphysis

Back 2

located at each end of the long shaft of a long bone

Front 3

periosteum

Back 3

tough membrane covering a bone

Front 4

compact bone

Back 4

outer, hard portion of a bone

Front 5

spongy bone

Back 5

inner, lighter portion of a bone

Front 6

medullary cavity

Back 6

inner cavity of the long shaft of a long bone

Front 7

trebeculae

Back 7

spongy network found within spongy bone

Front 8

red marrow

Back 8

soft tissue found in the spongy bone

Front 9

yellow marrow

Back 9

soft tissue found primarily in the medullary cavity

Front 10

articular cartilage

Back 10

covers ends of oppossing bones in synovial joint

Front 11

bursae

Back 11

fluid-filled sacs the help reduce friction and act as shock absorbers

Front 12

tendons

Back 12

bands of strong, fibrous tissue that attach muscle to bone

Front 13

ligaments

Back 13

connect bones or cartilage and support and strengthen joint

Front 14

axial skeleton

Back 14

portion of skeleton forming the vertical axis of the body (skull, spinal column, sternum, and ribs)

Front 15

appendicular skeleton

Back 15

portion of skeleton that includes the free appendages and their attachments

Front 16

cranium

Back 16

skull

Front 17

vertebral, spinal column

Back 17

attached to base of skull

Front 18

vertebra

Back 18

individual bone component of the spinal column

Front 19

26

Back 19

number of vertebrae

Front 20

cervical vertebrae (7)

Back 20

vertebra making up the top portion of the spinal column (and their number)

Front 21

thoracic vertebrae (12)

Back 21

vertebrae in the middle portion of the spinal column to which the ribs are attached (and their number)

Front 22

lumbar vertebrae (5)

Back 22

vertebrae in the lower back (and their number)

Front 23

sacrum

Back 23

vertebrae made up of 5 fused bones

Front 24

coccygeal vertebrae

Back 24

bone at the base of the spinal column composed of 4 fused bones

Front 25

ribs

Back 25

pairs of bones attached to the thoracic vertebrae

Front 26

true ribs (7)

Back 26

ribs joined directly to the breastbone (and their number on one side)

Front 27

false ribs (3)

Back 27

ribs joined indirectly to the breastbone (and their number on one side)

Front 28

floating ribs

Back 28

ribs that are not joined to the breastbone (and their number on one side)

Front 29

costa

Back 29

formal name of a rib

Front 30

costal cartilage

Back 30

membrane joining ribs with breastbone

Front 31

sternum

Back 31

formal name for breastbone

Front 32

xiphoid process

Back 32

lowermost part of the sternum

Front 33

shoulder girdle

Back 33

forms the attachment of the arms to the axial skeleton

Front 34

clavicle

Back 34

collarbone

Front 35

scapula

Back 35

shoulder blade

Front 36

humerus

Back 36

upper arm bone

Front 37

ulna

Back 37

inner lower arm bone

Front 38

radius

Back 38

outer lower arm bone

Front 39

carpus

Back 39

wrist

Front 40

carpals

Back 40

bones of the wrist

Front 41

metacarpals

Back 41

bones of the hand or palm

Front 42

phalanges

Back 42

bones of the fingers or toes

Front 43

pelvic girdle

Back 43

forms the attachment of the legs to the axial skeleton

Front 44

ilium

Back 44

largest of the three hipbones

Front 45

ischium

Back 45

posterior bone of the hipbone

Front 46

pubis

Back 46

anterior bone of the hipbone

Front 47

pubic symphysis

Back 47

interpubic joint where two pubis bones meet

Front 48

femur

Back 48

thigh bone

Front 49

patella

Back 49

kneecap

Front 50

tibia

Back 50

shin bone

Front 51

fibula

Back 51

calf bone

Front 52

tarsus

Back 52

ankle

Front 53

tarsals

Back 53

bones of the ankle

Front 54

metatarsals

Back 54

bones of the foot

Front 55

calcaneus

Back 55

heel bone (part of ankle)