Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is skull composed of?
|
Cranium (bones that enclose the brain) and facial skeleton. 8 bones form the cranium
|
|
|
Name 8 bones of cranium and how many of each.
|
1 frontal, 2 parietal, 2 temporal, 1 sphenoid, 1 ethmoid, 1 occipital
|
|
|
What is the sagittal suture, the coronal suture and the lambdoidal suture?
|
The paired parietal bones meet at midline which is sagittal suture. Coronal suture seperates frontal bone from anterior parietal bones. Lambdoidal suture seperates occipital bone from posterior parietal bones.
|
|
|
Sutural bones
|
Small bones trapped in the suture
|
|
|
What is the calvarium?
|
The skull cap. Bones of skull form the floor of the cranial cavity
|
|
|
What is the cranial fossae?
|
Step-like depressions that are formed by the bones of the floor of the skull
|
|
|
Anterior Cranial Fossa
|
Houses frontal bone
|
|
|
Middle Cranial Fossa
|
Houses the temporal lobe of the brain
|
|
|
Posterior Cranial Fossa
|
Houses the cerebellum
|
|
|
What are the major landmarks of the temporal bone?
|
Mastoid process, external acoustic meatus, zygomatic process, styloid process
|
|
|
What are the major landmarks of the ethmoid bone?
|
Cristae galli(attachment for falx cerebir), and perpendicular plate(median septum of nasal cavity).
|
|
|
What is the major landmark of the frontal bone?
|
Frontal air sinus
|
|
|
What are the major landmarks of the sphenoid bone?
|
Spenoidal air sinus and the hypophyseal fossa(hypophysis pituitary sits in this fossa)
|
|
|
What are some other landmarks on the ethmoid bone, the occipital bone and the sphenoid bone from the internal view of the skull?
|
Ethmoid: cribriform plate(allows olfactory axons to pass up to brain). Occipital bone: foramen magnum(spinal cord leaves brain through this opening). Sphenoid bone: hypophyseal fossa.
|
|
|
How many bones are in the facial skeleton and what are they specifically?
|
14 Bones. 2 maxilla(fuse in the midline), 2 zygomatic bones, 2 palatine bones, 2 lacrimal bones, 2 nasal bones, 2 inferior nasal conchae, 1 mandible, 1 vomer(in posterior nasal cavity difficult to see).
|
|
|
What are some major landmarks on the mandible?
|
Coronoid process, mandibular condyle and alveolar process(contains teeth).
|
|
|
What is the hyoid bone?
|
"Floating bone". Does not directly articulate with any other bone but is held in place by muscles and membranes. Larynx is suspended from hyoid. Composed of body, greater horn and lesser horn.
|
|
|
What is the vertebral column composed of?
|
vertebrae, intervertebral disks, sacrum and coccyx. Forms central axis of skeleton
|
|
|
What are the four curvatures of the vertebral column?
|
Cervical (C1-C7) (lordosis). Thoracic (T1-T12) (kyphosis). Lumbar (L1-L5) (lordosis). Sacral (pelvic) (S1-S5) (kyphosis).
|
|
|
Parts of a vertebrae
|
Body for weight bearing. Lamina and pedicle for protection. Spinous process and transverse process for movement. Articulating process for obstruction of movement
|
|
|
What is a intervertebral disc composed of?
|
An outer fibrous annulus fibrosis and a central gel-like region called the nuclus pulposus.
|
|
|
Lamina and pedicle
|
Together form the vertebral arch(bony arch) of the vertebral canal which houses the spinal cord. Lamina and pedicle plus body form the vertebral canal that protects spinal cord.
|
|
|
Superior Intervertebral notch and inferior intervertebral notch
|
Notchs superior and inferior to pedicle
|
|
|
what is the intervertebral foramen and its extreme significance?
|
Two notches of stacked vertebrae come together to form intervertebral foramen which is the site of exit of spinal nerves as they go out to the body.
|
|
|
What is the composition of the thoracic cage?
|
12 ribs that articulate posteriorly with the vertebra and when extending anteriorly either join the sternum via costal cartilage or join common costal cartilage which articulates with the sternum
|
|
|
What is the composition of the sternum?
|
Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.
|
|
|
Explain a typical rib
|
Ribs 2-10. Ribs 1 is atypical, and ribs 11 and 12 are not attached. Each rib has a head, neck, tubercle and shaft.Head articulates with body of vertebrae. Tubercle articulates with transverse process of vertebrae. Terminal part of shaft articulates with sternum via coastal cartilage.
|
