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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Long bones |
Bones longer than they are wide and found in the limbs (eg femur and humerus). These bones are named for their elongated shape, not their size |
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Tubular bone |
Aka long bones |
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Short bone |
Roughly cube - shaped bones such as carpal bones of the wrist and tarsal bones of the ankle |
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Sesamoid bone |
"Shaped like a sesame seed" - a short bone formed within tendons; cartilaginous in early life and osseous (bony) in the adult. The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body |
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Cuboidal bone |
Also referred to as short bones |
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Flat bone |
Consist of a layer of spongy bone between two thin layers of compact bone; cross-section is flat, not rounded. Flat bones have marrow, but lack a bone marrow cavity. Skull and ribs are examples |
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Irregular |
Bones in the body not fitting into the above categories mentioned; several are found in the face, such as the zygoma. Vertebrae are also considered irregular |
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Closed fracture |
Does not involve a break in the skin |
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Compound fracture |
Projects through the skin with a possibility of infection |
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Committed fracture |
More than two separate bone components - segmental fracture, bony fragments |
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Transverse fracture |
Breaks shafts of a bone across the longitudinal axis |
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Greenstick fracture |
Only one side of shaft is broken, and other is bent; common in children |
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Spiral fracture |
Spread along length of bone and produced by twisting stress |
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Colles' fracture |
Occurs in wrist and affects the distal radius bone |
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Compression fracture |
Vertebrae collapse due to trauma, tumor, or osteoporosis |
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Epiphyseal fracture |
Occurs when matrix is calcifying and chondrocytes are dying; usually seen in children |
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Skeletal muscle |
Also called striated muscle, is attached to the skeleton by tendons; contraction of skeletal muscle is under voluntary control |
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Cardiac muscle |
Aka heart muscle, contains interlocking involuntary striated muscle as well as smooth muscle, which allow the electrical impulses to pass quickly across the muscle fibers |
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Smooth muscle |
Found in the walls of all the hollow organs of the body (except the heart). It's contraction reduces the size of these structures; movement generally is considered involuntary |
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Ankylosis |
Condition of stiffening of a joint |
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Arthralgia |
Pain in joint |
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Arthritis |
Inflammation of a joint |
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Arthrodesis |
Surgical fixation of a joint |
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Arthropathy |
Joint disease |
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Bursitis |
Inflammation of a bursa |
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Carpal |
Pertaining to the wrist bones |
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Chondral |
Pertaining to cartilage |
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Chondralgia |
Pain around and in the cartilage |
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Coccygeal |
Pertaining to the coccyx |
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Connective tissue |
Tissue connecting or binding together |
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Dactylic |
Pertaining to finger or toe |
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Femoral |
Pertaining to femur and thigh bone |
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Iliac |
Pertaining to the ilium |
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Kyphosis |
Abnormal curvature of thoracic spine (humpback) |
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Lordosis |
Abnormal anterior curvature of spine, usually lumbar |
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Metacarpal |
Long bones of the hand that form the skeletal structure of the palm |
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Osteoblast |
Bone - forming cell |
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Osteocarcinoma |
Cancerous tumor of bone |
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Osteochondritis |
Inflammation of bone and cartilage |
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Osteopenia |
Lower than average bone density, can be a precursor to osteoporosis |
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Osteoporosis |
Condition resulting in reduction of bone mass |
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Osteorrhaphy |
Suture of bone |
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Patellar |
Pertaining to patella |
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Phalangeal |
Bones of the fingers and toes |
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Scoliosis |
Lateral curvature of spine |
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Sternotomy |
Surgical incision of sternum |
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Tendonitis |
Inflammation of tendon |
