Musculoskeletal Terms

Front 1

Arthro

Back 1

Joint

Front 2

Carpo

Back 2

Wrist

Front 3

Chondro (con droh)

Back 3

Cartilage

Front 4

Costa

Back 4

Rib

Hint 4

Intercostal

Front 5

Cranio

Back 5

Skull

Hint 5

Craniotomy-incision into the

Front 6

Dactyl

Back 6

Finger

Front 7

ili (ill lee)

Back 7

Hip

Front 8

Manus

Back 8

Hand

Front 9

Myel

Back 9

Bone marrow

Hint 9

Myeloma

Front 10

Myo

Back 10

Muscle

Front 11

Ortho

Back 11

Straighten

Front 12

Osteo

Back 12

Bone

Front 13

Pedi

Back 13

Foot

Front 14

Spondyl (spawn dill)

Back 14

Vertebra

Front 15

Intermittent claudication

Back 15

Pain in leg muscles usually occurring during exercise. Peripheral vascular disease is the cause (disease of blood vessels of the extremities)

Front 16

Muscle strain

Back 16

Stretching or tearing of muscle fibres or tendons, and injury to attachment of tendon to bone

Front 17

Muscular dystrophies

Back 17

Genetic diseases that result in degeneration of skeletal muscle tissue ( trophy- development, condition of; dys -abnormal)

Front 18

Myasthenia gravis

Back 18

Autoimmune disease causes destruction of receptors on muscle cells that bind to neurotransmitters (substance secreted by nerve cell that tells a muscle to contract). My- myo- muscle; asthenia - weakness; gravis -grave

Front 19

Polymyositis

Back 19

Chronic disease (lasts a long time and progresses over time) characterized by inflammation and weakness of many muscles -itis -inflammation; poly- many; myo- muscles

Front 20

Rhabdomyolysis

Back 20

Raid breakdown of skeletal muscle fibers. rhabdomy/o - skeletal muscle; -lysis breakdown, separation, destruction

Front 21

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Back 21

Malignant (cancerous) tumor of skeletal muscle

Front 22

Leiomyosarcoma

Back 22

Malignant tumour of the smooth muscle usually found in children

Front 23

Sarcopenia

Back 23

Loss of muscle mass and strength that occurs through aging unless person uses strength training to prevent it

Front 24

Bursitis

Back 24

Inflammation of one or more bursae-small fluid-filled sacs that cushion muscles, tendons and bones

Front 25

Compartment syndrome

Back 25

Compression of nerves, blood vessels, and muscle cells when pressure increases inside the closed compartment created by fascia surrounding muscle belly

Front 26

Gastrocnemius

Back 26

Calf muscle

Front 27

Fasciitis

Back 27

Inflammation of fascia, the tissue that surrounds the muscle belly. (Plantar fasciitis -inflammation from heel spur bony protrusion on the lower surface of heel)

Front 28

Impingement syndrome

Back 28

Entrapment of tendons or bursae by the bones of the shoulder causing significant pain and sometimes loss of movement) can lead to rotator cuff tear (tearing of tendons of muscles that rotate the shoulder)

Front 29

Myofascial pain syndrome

Back 29

Chronic disorder characterized by trigger points- areas in the muscle that are painful and tender when touched. Can cause referred pain -pain that starts in one part of the body but is felt as pain in another part

Front 30

Arthroscopy

Back 30

Visual examination of a joint with arthroscope- looks at synovial membrane, cartilage, and ligaments

Front 31

Bone marrow biopsy

Back 31

Use of large needle to remove core sample of bone marrow

Front 32

Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

Back 32

X-ray technique to measure density of person’s bones

Front 33

Arthrocentesis (joint aspiration)

Back 33

Withdrawal of fluid from a joint with needle and syringe (centesis -surgical puncture to remove fluid; aspir/o -removal)

Front 34

Skeletal scintingraphy

Back 34

Use of radioactive tracer to make a picture of body tissues (scint/i -spark)

Front 35

Ultrasonic bone density test

Back 35

Uses sound waves to screen for loss of bone density ( measures density of calcaneus -heel bone)

Front 36

Bisphosphonates

Back 36

Medications that reduce the loss of bone tissue

Front 37

Arthrodesis

Back 37

Fusion of two bones (-desis to bind or tie together)

Front 38

Arthrolysis

Back 38

Surgery to restore movement in a joint that has ankylosed or is excessively stiff. -lysis loosening, separation

Front 39

Arthroplasty

Back 39

Surgical repair, replacement or reconstruction of diseased or damaged joint

Front 40

Chrondroplasty

Back 40

Surgery to repair damaged cartilage

Front 41

Immobilization

Back 41

Using cast, splint, internal fixation (permanent pins and plate), or external fixation (pins and external hardware that are removed when bone is Healed

Front 42

Osteorrhaphy

Back 42

Surgical wiring together of bone fragments (rrhaphy - surgical suturing or wiring together )

Front 43

Percutaneous vertebroplasty

Back 43

Using bone cement to strengthen vertebra that has sustained compression fracture due to osteoporosis (per- through; cutane/o- skin; vertebr/o- vertebra; plasty- surgical repair

Front 44

Prosthesis /prostheses

Back 44

Replacement of missing limb or part of limb