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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Common Lab Test(s) Used to Diagnose Gout? (P.770)
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- Based on Serum Uric Acid Levels
- Joint Fluid Aspiration Analysis Can Identify Uric Acid in Synovial Fluid - BUN and Serum Creatinine to Assess Kidney Damage |
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Signs/Symptoms of RA? (P.767)
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- Divided Into Early and Late Manifestations
- Typical Pattern is Bilateral and Symmetrical - Begins in Upper Extremeties and Progresses to Other Joints - Sjogren’ Syndrome – Inflammation of Tear Ducts - Felty’s Syndrome – Characterized by Enlarged Liver and Spleen |
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Lab Findings in Presence of Bone Cancer? (P.797)
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- Elevated ALP Level and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
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Key Components of Neurovascular Assessment? (P.756)
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- Color – Pallor, Cyanosis, Redness, or Discoloration
- Temperature, Pain, Movement - Sensation, Pulse (Pedal, Radial) - Strength and Equality of Hand Grip - Capillary Refill |
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Signs/Symptoms/Treatment and Prevention Strategies of Fat Emboli? (P.792)
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- Altered Mental Status from Low Arterial Oxygen Level
- SOB, Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Fever, High Blood Pressure - Sm. Fat Globules are Released from Yellow Bone Marrow to Blood - Pt. w/ Multiple Fractures - Monitor Neurovascular Status |
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Post Operative Positioning of Total Hip Replacement Patient to Decrease Risk of Dislocation? (P.775)
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- Correct Positioning of the Surgical Leg is Critical
- Main Goal Prevent Hip Adduction (Across Body Midline) - Trapezoid-Shaped Abduction Pillow is Used Between Legs - Patient is Turned with Hip Adduction Avoided - Turn Hips and Legs Simultaneously to Minimize Dislocation |
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S/S of Dislocation in Hip Replacement Patient? (P.775)
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- Subluxation (Partial Dislocation) or Total Dislocation
- Femoral Component Becomes Dislodged from Acetabular Cup - Pt Feels Increased Hip Pain, Shortening of Surgical Leg - Possible Rotation of Surgical Leg |
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Traction Care Guidelines? (P.786)
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- Monitor Neurovascular Status for Impaired Blood Flow
- Monitor Skin Conditions for Pressure Points or Irritations - Traction Must be Maintained for Fractures - Inspect Ropes, Weights, Pulleys every 8 to 12 hrs |
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Indication and Pharmacological Action of Allopurinol? (P.770)
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- Chronic Gout
- Decreases Uric Acid Production |
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Desired Outcome(s) for a Patient in Buck’s Traction? (P.786)
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- Indicated for Pt. with Hip Fractures
- Typically 5-10lbs - Reduced Pain, Muscle Spasms |
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Define Phantom Pain? (P.780)
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- Occurs in 80% of Amputees
- Pt. Complains of Pain where Body Part was Located - Triggered by Touching Limb, Feeling Fatigued, or Emotional Stress - Treat with Medications and Complementary Therapies |
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Purpose of CPM? (P.778)
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- Pt. having Total Knee Replacement or Total Hip Replacement
- Continuous Passive Motion - To Prevent Deep Vein Thrombosis - Motorized Flexible Extremity Rest |
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S/S and Common Conservative Treatment(s) for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? (P.781)
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- Finger, Hand, and Arm Pain and Numbness
- Painful Tingling and Paresthesias - Fine Motor Deficits and Muscle Weakness may Develop - Ergonomics, Splints, NSAID, Aspirin, Cortisone |
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Risk Factors/Signs/Symptoms and Complications of Osteoporosis? (P.794)
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- Caucasian or Asian; Sedentary Lifestyle; Decreased Calcium/Vitamin D
- Alcoholism, Smoking, Caffeine - Petite Body - Typically Realized with Broken Bone - “Dowage” Hump or Kyphosis of Spine - Decrease in Height, Back Pain - Patholigical Fracture – Bone Breaks Before Fall |
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Medications Used to Control Symptoms of RA? (P.768)
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- Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
- NSAIDS, and Corticosteroids |
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Complication of Abruptly Discontinuing Cortisol Therapy?
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- Higher Levels Needed During Periods of Stress
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Strategies to Help Post Op Pt Relieve Gas Pain? (P.169)
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- NG or GI Tube Used to Remove Secretions until Peristalsis Returns
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Order for 50 mg/ml Meperidine. Ampule reads 100mg/ml. How much will You Give?
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- Question Makes No Sense; Assume Order is 50mg
- Give 0.5ml of Medicine |
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Most Common Human Response to Stress? (P.147)
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- Fear & Anxiety
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Give Examples of each Surgical Category: Exploratory, Curative, Pallitative, Diagnostic? (P.146)
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- Exploratory – Confirmation or Measurement of Extent of Condition
- Curative – Removal of Disease or Abnormal Tissue - Palliative – Alleviation of Symptoms without Curing Disease - Diagnostic – Obtain Tissue Samples, to Make Diagnoses |
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Differentiate Between Spinal, Local, and General Anesthesia? (P.158)
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Local:
- Loss of Sensation to a Region of the Body - No Loss of Consciousness - Block Nerve Impulse Along Nerve where it was Injected Spinal: (Spinal & Epidural are a Form of Local) - Injection of a Local Agent into Subarchnoid Space - Used in Lower Extremity and Lower Abdominal Surgery - Both Sensory and Motor Function Blocked General: - Patients are Very Anxious - Surgical Procedure will Take Long Time - Muscle Relaxation, Pt. Unable to Cooperate |
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Nursing Care and Considerations of Patient Post Spinal Anesthesia? (P.159)
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- Headaches Due to Leak of CSF, Photophobia
- Lying Flat on Abdomen May Help Relieve Pain |
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Differentiate Between Primary and Secondary Intention. Which Type of Wound Heals more Rapidly? (P.167)
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- Primary – Wound Edges well Approximated, Little Tissue Loss
- Secondary – Large Tissue Loss, Granulation Tissue Fills Over Time |
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S/S of a Postoperative Ileus? (P.170)
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- Ileus – Obstruction of the Bowel
- Abdominal Distention, Absent Bowel Sounds, Pain May Result - NG Tube Can be Used to Decompress GI Tract |
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Requirements Surrounding Surgical Consent: Who When, Where etc? (P.153)
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- Physician’s Responsibility to Obtain Voluntary, Written, Informed Consent
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Intraoperative Outcome(s) in the Care Plan of a Surgical Patient? (P.157)
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- Free From Injury
- Skin Integrity is Maintained - Maintains Blood Pressure, Pulse, Urine Output within Normal Limits - Free of Infection - Reports Pain Relieved to Satisfactory Level |
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Nursing Priority Responsibility of a Patient in PACU? (P.160)
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- Airway Maintenance, Vital Signs
- Respiratory Assessment, Neurological Assessment - Surgical Site Status, General Assessment, Patient Safety |
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S/S of Evisceration and Emergency Nursing Management? (P.169)
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- Place Pt. In Low Fowler’s Position
- Cover Wound with Sterile Dressing or Towels - Notify Physician Immediately - Apply Gentle Pressure Over Wound - Monitor Vital Signs and Evidence of Shock |
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Rationale for and Proper Use of Incentive Spirometry? (P.153)
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- Encourage Deep Breathing in Pt. Risk for Lung Collapse (Atelectasis)
- 45°; 2 Reg. Breaths; Use Spiro, InhaleÞTarget; Hold 3-5sec; Exhale;10xhr |
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Perioperative Risk Factors Associated with Infants?
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- No Clue, Unable to Find
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Post-Op Complications COPD are at Risk For? (P.148)
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- Thickens Lung Secretions & Reduces Action of Cilia
- Cessation Allows more Hemoglobinto Carry O2 During Surgery |
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Individual in OR Responsible for Oxygenation, Gas Exchange and Vital Signs of Patient? (P.157)
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- Registered Nurse
- Patient Advocate, Planning Care, Protecting Patient, Safety - Too Many Read P.157 |
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Definition of Scoliosis, Kyphosis? (P.795)
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- Scoliosis – Sideways Curve of Spine
- Kyphoisis – Downage Hump of Spine (Osteoporosis) |
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Definition of Osteoarthritis? (P.763)
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- Articular Cartilage and Bone Ends of Joints Slowly Detriorate
- Joint Space Narrows, Bone Spurs Develop, Inflammation |
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Differences Between OA and RA? (P.763)
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OA: -Joints Become Inflamed
- Cause Unknown - Risk Factors: Age, Obesity, Trauma, Sepsis RA: - Synovium Becomes Thick, and Fluid Accumulates Causing Swelling - Autoimmune Disease - Family History Possible |
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Normal Capillary Filling Findings? (P.176)
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- Used to Determine Arterial Circulation to Extremity
- Compress Nail Bed and Release - Color Should Return to Normal within 3sec. |
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Rationale for Palming a Cast? (P.785)
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- To Prevent Indentations that may become Pressure Points
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Rationale Periodic Prone Positioning for an AKA Patient? (P.780)
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- Prone (On Stomach) for 30min 4x Day
- Prevent Contracture |
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Necessary Treatment for a Severed Achille’s Tendon?
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- Unable to Find
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Rationale and Examples of Skin Traction? (P.786)
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- Provides Pulling Force to Provide Fracture Reduction, Alignment
- Typically Skin or Skeletal Type - Velcro Boot – Bucks Traction; Russel’s Traction – Knee Sling |
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Foods/Beverages/Meds to Avoid in Gout Patients? (P.769)
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- Diuretic Therapy, Chemotherapeutic Agents
- Stress (Physical/Emotional), Alcohol, Asprin - High Protein Foods (Liver) |
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Recommended Protocol for Caring for a Severed Body Part? (P.779)
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- Wrap it Cool, Slightly Moist Cloth
- Place in Sealed Plastic Bag, Submerged in Cold Water |
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Point in Life that Bone Renewal Stops…… (P.794)
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- Bone Density Peaks Between 30 and 35 years
- After which Bone Breakdown Exceeds Rate of Building |
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Indication for a Fasciotomy? (P.792)
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- Incision into Fascia that Encloses the Compartment
- Allows Compartment Tissue Room to Expand and Relieves Pressure |
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Signs/Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? (P.781)
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- Slow-Onset Finger, Hand and Arm Pain and Numbness
- Painful Tingling and Paresthesias (Abnormal Sensation w/o Stimulus) - Fine Motor Deficits the Muscle Weakness May Develop |
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Rationale for Immediate Attention of Dislocation? (P.774)
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- Femoral Component Becomes Dislodged from Acetabular Cup
- Vascular Damage, Tissue Perfusion |
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Pathophysiology of Avascular Necrosis? (P.774)
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- Long Term Use of Steroids, and Complications with Joint Replacement
- Bone Tissue Dies (Typically Femoral Head) - Due to Impaired Blood Supply |
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Describe to Client what to Expect and Indications for Arthrocentesis, EMG and Dexa Scan? (P.760)
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Arthrocentesis:
- Diagnostic Test where Synovial Fluid is Aspirated in Joint for Analysis - After Local Anesthetic, Needle is Used Aspirate Content of Joint Space - Anti-Inflammatory Such as Corticosteroid Injected Electromyography: - Measures Muscle’s Electrical Impulses - Aids in Diagnosis of Muscle Disease or Nerve Damage - Discomfort at Site of Study May Occur; Use Mild Analgesic Dexa Scan: - Unable to Find |
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You find Skeletal Weights on the Floor Next to Bed. What Should You Do? (P.786)
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- Reposition Patient in Bed
- Assistance Should be Obtained to Prevent Lifting Injuries |
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What is the Indication for Windowing a Cast? (P.785)
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- Wound is Present or Odor is Detected, Physician Cuts Opening
- Underlying Skin is then Treated - Tape is Applied so Skin does not “pop up” from Window - Essentialy a way to "Peek In" |
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What is the Indication for Bivalving a Cast? (P.792)
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- Acute Compartment Syndrome
- Method of Removing Pressure |
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What is the Indication for a Sequestrectomy?
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- Excision of a Necrosed Piece of Bone
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Define Crepitation? (P.755)
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- Grating Sound as Joint or Bones Move
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Discharge Criterion from the PACU for a Patient Following Surgery? (P.163)
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Post Anesthesia Care Unit
- Typical Stay 1hr - Scale Used to Determine Readiness to Discharge - Factors Include Respiration, O2 Sat, LOC, Activity, Circulation |