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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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saturated vs unsaturated?
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sat - single bonds unsaturated - double bonds |
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omega (w) system is for what FAs? starts from what end? |
unsaturated, starts from methyl end |
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W9 FA
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oleic acid |
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w6 FA |
linoleic acid |
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w9 FA |
linolenic acid |
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Lengths of FA |
short - 4-6 medium - 8-12 long - 14-22 very long - 22+ |
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2 acids in milk Type? |
capric acid (medium) |
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most common FA in body?
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palmitic acid |
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2 essential FAs |
linoleic & alpha-linolenic acid |
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precursor of prostaglandins |
arachidonic acid |
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most common configuration in our body
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cis |
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2 families of essential FAs
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W-6 and W-3 |
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linoleic acid, w6, makes what? which is important precursor to what? |
makes arachidonic acid which is precursor to prostaglandins, throbaxanes, leukotriens |
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linolenic acid, w3, makes what? precursor for what? |
eicosapentenoic acid, precursor for eicosanoids |
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enzyme that converts linolaic acid to arachidonic acid |
phospholipase A2 |
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2 pathways arachidonic acid goes to? |
2. lipoxygenase (LOX) |
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COX goes to what? |
prostaglandins, prostacyclins, thromboxanes |
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negative inhibitor of COX? |
aspirin |
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lipoxygenase (LOX) goes to what? |
leukotrienes |
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normally double bonds in FA are in what config? |
cis |
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what do trans-FA do to membrane fluidity?
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decrease it! |
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2 types of lipids
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storage & membrane (polar) |
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storage lipid in animals/plants
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triacylglycerols |
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2 types of membrane lipids? |
phospholipids and glycolipids
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2 types of phospholipids? |
glycerophospholipids & sphingolipids |
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type of glycolipid? |
sphingolipid |
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glycerol made of what?
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1 glycerol, 2 FA, 1 phosphate
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Sphingosine made of? |
1 sphingosine, 1 FA, 1 Phosphate + choline |
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Sphingolipids made of? |
1 sphingosine, 1 FA, 1 Glu, 1 Gal |
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phospholipids have what linkages? |
either ester or ether |
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glycerophospholipids have what as alcohol? |
glycerol |
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sphingophospholipids have what as alcohol? |
sphingosine |
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with just -H in X position, the simplest glycerophospholipid is formed? |
phosphotidic acid |
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other name for phosphatidylcholine? |
lecithins |
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replacing group in phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) |
myoinositol bis phosphate |
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most abundant glycerophospholipid in cell membrane?
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lecithin aka phosphatidylcholine |
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storage form of choline in body? |
lecithin |
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choline is involved in what 2 things? |
neurotransmission and methylation rxn |
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dipamitoyl lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) found where? |
alveoli of lungs
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what acts as a surfactant in alveoli of lungs and maintains surface tension to prevent lung collapse
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dipamitoyl lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) |
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deficiency of what leads to Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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dipamitoyl lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) |
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incidence of IRDS decreases with what?
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advancing gestational age |
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symptoms of IRDS?
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tachypnea, tachycardia, chest wall retractions, flaring nostrils, cyanosis |
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stomach |
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what catalyzes digestion of lipids? 2 |
lingual lipase and gastric lipase |
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lingual lipase and gastric lipase breakdown what? target what FA? |
target short or medium chain FAs |
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2 lipid digestion enzymes (lingual/gastric lipase) play big role in lipid digestion in who? 3
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infants, young children and those with pancreatic insufficiency |
