Linguistics 101 Final

Front 1

Absolute antonymy

Back 1

Antonyms between which there are no degrees of differences (e.g. pass and fail)

Front 2

Antonymy

Back 2

A relation between two words with opposite meanings

Front 3

Graded antonymy

Back 3

Antonyms between which there are degrees of difference (eg: hot and cold)

Front 4

Holonymy

Back 4

A relation where the holonym refers to the whole entity; the meronym is a part of it

Front 5

Homography

Back 5

A relation between words with identical spellings but very distinct meanings

Front 6

Homonymy

Back 6

A relation between words with identical pronunciations and spellings but very distinct meanings

Front 7

Homophony

Back 7

A relation between words with identical pronunciations but very distinct meanings

Front 8

Hypernymy

Back 8

A relation where the hypernymy refers to a superset of the hyponym

Front 9

Hyponymy

Back 9

A relation where the hyponym refers to a subset of the hypernym

Front 10

Lexicon

Back 10

The inventory of words and their associations (relations) that is part of grammar

Front 11

Meronymy

Back 11

A relation where the meronym refers to a part of the holonym

Front 12

Partonymy

Back 12

Same as meronymy: a relation where the meronym refers to a part of the holonym

Front 13

Polyseme

Back 13

A relation where a single word has more than one related meanings

Front 14

Synonymy

Back 14

A relation between words with nearly identical meanings

Front 15

Contradiction

Back 15

A relation between two sentences where they can not both be true at the same time

Front 16

Entailment

Back 16

A relation between two sentences where if one us true, the second one must be true (but not vice versa)

Front 17

Paraphrase

Back 17

A relation between two sentences where both mean the same thing

Front 18

Componential Analysis

Back 18

Breaking the meanings of a term down into indivisible bits of meanings (such as animate or adult)

Front 19

Connotation

Back 19

Part of the intension; the associations, emotions, and judgments that accompany the word's meaning; will change dependant on experience

Front 20

Denotation

Back 20

Part of the intention; the basic or literally meaning of the word, stripped of associations; what it takes to be an X

Front 21

Extension

Back 21

Everything in the world that is referred to by a word or phrase (may be empty if the thing doesn't really exist)

Front 22

Fuzzy category

Back 22

A concept whose boundaries are indefinite, such as island or fruit

Front 23

Graded membership

Back 23

A property or concept where by particular items can be better or worse models of that concept

Front 24

Intension

Back 24

The entire sence of a word or phrase (never empty - even if the thing doesn't exist, you still know what it would be like if it did)

Front 25

Metaphor

Back 25

The extension of a term's meaning beyond it's conventional sense to refer to or describe something different

Front 26

Natural class

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A group of items related by some common element (such as shared semantic feature)

Front 27

Prototype

Back 27

The example that one thinks of most readily when considering à concept with graded membership

Front 28

Semantic features

Back 28

Basic on or off (binary) atoms of meaning used in componential analysis