Lifespan Psych Ch. 8,9,10

Front 1

Siblings Amanda and Dean could not be any different. Amanda has always had a steady job, pays her bills on time, and has no debt. Dean on the other hand is often unemployed, has bill collectors calling his house, and spends money he doesn’t have. Amanda and Dean differ in which personality trait?

Back 1

conscientiousness

Front 2

Which personality trait contrasts kindness, trust, and warmth with hostility, selfishness, and distrust?

Back 2

agreeableness

Front 3

What is a critique of Havighurst’s Developmental Tasks of Middle Adulthood?

Back 3

His vision is one-dimensional.

Front 4

What contributes to erectile disorder in men and inadequate lubrication in women?

Back 4

decreased progesterone

Front 5

According to Sheehy, why do women seem to enter midlife at the age of 35, five years earlier than men?

Back 5

Pregnant women 35 years and older are advised to undergo amniocentesis.

Front 6

According to a longitudinal study performed by Schaie et al., which person is likely to score the lowest in verbal ability (assuming good health for all): Caitlyn 25 years old; Melissa 39 years old; Kathy 53 years old; and Eleanor 67 years old?

Back 6

Caitlyn

Front 7

On the eve of her 40th birthday, Glenda feels depressed about entering the next phase of her life, middle adulthood. As her friend, what can you tell Glenda about middle adulthood to cheer her up?

Back 7

Many middle-aged adults earn more money than their younger counterparts

Front 8

Sheila once had thick red hair. Now at the age of 60, most of Sheila’s hair is gray. What caused this change in Sheila’s hair color?

Back 8

loss of melanin

Front 9

Forty-eight-year old Marcy rides her bicycle through the park with her husband. While approaching a pot hole, she does not turn in time to miss it. She remarks to her husband, “I just don’t seem to react as quickly as I used to.” Why have Marcy’s reaction times slowed over the years?

Back 9

loss of neurons

Front 10

Which is an example of a carcinogen?

Back 10

certain viruses

Front 11

A year after retirement, most retirees report increased feelings of ____.

Back 11

well-being

Front 12

Which theory of aging maintains that the stiffening of body proteins accelerates and eventually breaks down bodily processes, leading to some of the effects of aging?

Back 12

cross-linking theory

Front 13

Loss of acuteness of hearing due to age-related degenerative changes in the ear is referred to as ____.

Back 13

presbycusis

Front 14

Which type of memory would be used to recall that the written letter B has the sound of “bh?

Back 14

associative

Front 15

What is the evidence that visual-recognition memories can last half a century for those in late adulthood?

Back 15

Fifty years after graduating high-school, subjects recognized former classmates 75% of the time.

Front 16

Interviews found that independence in what daily task is especially important to help older people avoid diminished self-esteem?

Back 16

toileting

Front 17

What type of intelligence is most vulnerable to decline in late adulthood?

Back 17

fluid

Front 18

With the right genes and environment, and with the good fortune to avoid serious injuries or illnesses, people have a maximum life span of about how many years?

Back 18

115

Front 19

What is a critique of disengagement theory?

Back 19

Well-being generally increases when older adults pursue goals

Front 20

According to Erikson, adjustment in the later years requires ____

Back 20

the wisdom to let go

Front 21

At a visit to her ophthalmologist, seventy-six-year old Meredith learns that she has cataracts. What does this mean?

Back 21

There is a clouding of the lens of her eye.

Front 22

Reminiscence in older adults was once considered a symptom of ____.

Back 22

dementia

Front 23

What is a change in the reproductive system of older men?

Back 23

Delayed erections after age 50

Front 24

Many of the physical changes in older women stem from a decline in ___ production

Back 24

estrogen

Front 25

The hormonal theory of aging asserts that ____.

Back 25

ollowing illness, stress hormones remain elevated in the elderly

Front 26

Following cardiac arrest, Bob’s 86-year-old wife Cynthia remains comatose and shows no signs of brain activity. Bob feels strongly that Cynthia would not want to remain in a “lifeless” body, so he discusses with her doctors the possibility of removing her from life support. What type of euthanasia is Bob contemplating?

Back 26

passive euthanasia

Front 27

What is a critique of Kübler-Ross’s five stages of dying?

Back 27

They are most relevant for those suffering from a terminal illness.

Front 28

The term dying is best described as ____.

Back 28

he end stage of life, in which bodily processes decline, leading to death

Front 29

Why may individuals facing death choose a hospital setting during the process of dying?

Back 29

People remain hopeful that they can avert death.

Front 30

Following cardiac arrest, Bob’s 86-year-old wife Cynthia remains comatose and shows no brain activity. Bob feels strongly that Cynthia would not want to remain in a “lifeless” body; he searches the Internet to find out what type of drug overdose will cause her to slip into a quiet, peaceful death. What type of euthanasia is Bob contemplating?

Back 30

involuntary active euthanasia

Front 31

What is the leading cause of death for individuals 85 and older?

Back 31

heart disease

Front 32

After receiving an urgent call from his father about an automobile accident involving his mother, Peter races to the hospital. He learns from the hospital staff that his mother is brain dead. Peter wants confirmation from the emergency room doctors, who show Peter the results of her ____.

Back 32

EEG recording

Front 33

What percent of American physicians are opposed to physician-assisted suicide?

Back 33

69%

Front 34

What were Maciejewski and colleagues assessment of Jacobs’ stages of grief?

Back 34

Yearning, anger, and depression rose suddenly in the predicted order.

Front 35

Funerals are usually a families’ ____ largest expense.

Back 35

fourth

Front 36

Forty-six-year old Nathan recently learned that he has terminal advanced stage lung cancer. He finds himself thinking throughout the day, “Why me? It isn’t fair. I was supposed to live to 90.” According to Kübler-Ross, Nathan is displaying signs of which stage of dying?

Back 36

anger

Front 37

What is true of terminally ill patients’ attitudes toward physician-assisted suicide?

Back 37

The majority of patients say that they support physician-assisted suicide in general.

Front 38

While at the hospital attending to his mother, Peter meets a woman named Lea, whose father was diagnosed with whole brain death following cardiac arrest. She explains to Peter that her father requires a respirator ____.

Back 38

because he suffered irreversible damage to his brain stem

Front 39

Pauline runs an advertising firm and is looking to hire a manager for the sales staff. According to the text, what could you tell Pauline to convince her to hire someone that is middle-aged rather than a young adult?

Back 39

They are likely to be calmer in stressful situations.

Front 40

Fifty-year-old Mimi has been experiencing irregular periods for the last six months. This may indicate that Mimi is experiencing ____.

Back 40

perimenopause

Front 41

Why is it believed that IQ scores in the United States have risen over the past couple of generations?

Back 41

Better education

Front 42

Which personality trait contrasts kindness, trust, and warmth with hostility, selfishness, and distrust?

Back 42

agreeableness

Front 43

Aspects of creativity are more likely to be found among young adults in which field?

Back 43

physics

Front 44

When a deadline approaches at work, coworkers Tina and Ariel deal with the stress in very different ways. Tina tends to lose her temper more often and feels very nervous. On the other hand, Ariel makes sure to take plenty of deep breaths and drinks herbal tea to calm herself down. These coworkers differ in which personality trait?

Back 44

neuroticism

Front 45

From the list below, which is from Robert Havighurst’s Developmental Tasks of Middle Adulthood?

Back 45

Developing a range of enjoyable leisure activities

Front 46

According to researchers studying the “big five” personality traits, personalities ____.

Back 46

tend to mature rather than be shaped by environmental conditions

Front 47

According to Erikson, what is meant by the term generativity?

Back 47

Bearing and rearing children

Front 48

Jessica is experiencing menopause. She discusses hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with her gynecologist to help mitigate some of the symptoms of menopause. Jessica’s gynecologist informs her that HRT____.

Back 48

decrease the risk of colon cancer

Front 49

Compared with 100 years ago, the average life expectancy today for a male has increased by about how many years?

Back 49

30

Front 50

Dr. Layton investigates the role of free radicals in aging. She hopes to find effective chemicals that will combat free radicals and slow the progression of age-related processes. For what class of chemicals is Dr. Layton searching?

Back 50

antioxidants

Front 51

Eighty-four-year old Genevieve is experiencing agoraphobia as of late. What is a likely cause of this recent development?

Back 51

Her granddaughter, who used to take her shopping, recently moved away.

Front 52

Why is it thought that men have shorter life expectancies than women?

Back 52

men are more daring

Front 53

According to the text, what is a critique of the stereotype that retirees look forward to late adulthood as a time when they can rest from life’s challenges?

Back 53

This is a prescription for depression, not for living life to its fullest.

Front 54

A painful, degenerative disease characterized by wear and tear on the joints is referred to as ____.

Back 54

osteoarthritis

Front 55

According to Lynn Hasher, what attribute enables older adults to take a broader view of various situations?

Back 55

Increased distractibility

Front 56

What are generally the earliest signs of Alzheimer’s disease?

Back 56

Subtle changes in cognition and personality

Front 57

Subtle changes in cognition and personality

Back 57

fluid

Front 58

Who is likely to have the most difficult time coping with the death of his wife?

Back 58

70 year old Jonah

Front 59

Which of the following lends support to the immunological theory of aging?

Back 59

Antibody production declines with age

Front 60

Which hormone is thought to play a crucial role in increasing life span following caloric restriction?

Back 60

dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

Front 61

How does late adulthood differ from the phases of life that come before it?

Back 61

Focus is no longer on growth and stability.

Front 62

On the eve of her 65th birthday, Florence is depressed about entering the next stage of her life, later adulthood. As her friend, what can you tell her to cheer her up?

Back 62

Older age brings peace and balance