Lesson 3 Ucsp

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Evolution

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is the process by which populations of living organisms change over time through the gradual accumulation of small genetic variations.

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Biological evolution

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It refers to the changes, modifications, and variations in the genetics and inherited traits of biological populations from one generation to another.• Scientists study the changes in the physical body of humans, the changes in the shape and size of their bones.

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Charles Darwin

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He was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

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Natural selection

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is a process in nature through which living organisms adapt and change in response to an environmental condition.

•The reason for occurrence of evolution.

• The outcome processes that affect the frequencies of traits in a particular environment. Traits that enhance survival and reproductive success increase in frequency over time.

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Human evolution

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Is the revolutionary process leading to the appearance of modern-day humans

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Hominids

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Is the direct ancestors of homo species

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Homo

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Is used to determine the species of human beings

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Species

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A population of organisms that interbreed and has offspring

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Cultural evolution

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•It refers to the changes or development in cultures from a simple form to a more complex form of human culture.

• Scientist study the cultural evolution of humans by analyzing the changes in the latter's way of life.

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Paleolithic age

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is known as "The Old Stone Age."Paleo means old or ancient. Lithos means stone.".

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Pastoral societies

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Rely on products through the domestication and breeding of animals for transportation and food.

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Mesolithic age

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This age is rely on products through the domestication and breeding of animals.The greatest achievement of the mesolithic age was the advancement of hunting and gathering practices among humans during which a wide range of animal resources were used.

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Horticultural societies

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These societies rely on the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and plants in order to survive

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Agricultural societies

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Focuses on mode of production they rely on the use of technology in order to cultivate crops in large areas, including wheat,rice, and corn

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Neolithic age

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New Stone Age, is characterized by the beginning of a settled human lifestyle. People learned to cultivate plants and domesticate animals for food, rather than rely solely on hunting and gathering.

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Industrial society

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is the one which uses advance technology to drive a massive production industry that will support a large population and society produced material goods using sophisticated machinery powered by fuel.

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Post industrial society

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is marked by a progress from a manufacturing-based to a service-based economy. Emphasis on information, technology, and services because manufacturing is a characteristic of the corporate form.

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Democracy

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a form of government in which the right to governs is held by the majority of citizens within a country or a state.