Lecture Exam 2

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Lecture Exam 2

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Q: 1-16 (Matching - Bacterial diseases and descriptions)
Q: 17-56 (Multiple Choice)
Q: 57-71 (True/False)
Q: 58-80 (Fill in terms and definitions)
Q: 80-85 (Multiple Choice)
Q: 85-89 (Naming diseases and their germs)

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B.anthracis; gram+ rod; toxin effects blood and lungs; high mortality; zoonotic infection.

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Anthrax

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M.tuberculosis; acid fast rod; effects lungs and bone; extended treatment; AIDS related resistant strains

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TB

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L.pneumophilia; gram- rod; effects lungs; erythromycin treatment used

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Leigonnaire's Disease

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R.prowazekki; tiny bacterium; attacks blood and skin with fever and rash; louse vector; tetracycline treatment.

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Epidemic Typhus

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S.pneumoniae; gram+ diplococcus (over 80 strains known); attacks lungs and other organs; encapsulated.

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Pneumococcal Pneumonia

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C.Jejuni; gram- curved rod; attacks intestines producing diarrhea and fever; erthyromycin.

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Campylobacteriosis

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Salmonella serotypes; gram- rods; afflicts intestines and causes severe diarrhea and fever; 40,000 cases annually; often related to contaminated poultry.

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Salmonellosis

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M.pneumoniae; mycoplasma; attacks lungs causing a dry cough; walking pneumonia; erthyromycin.

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Primary atypical Pneumonia

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E.Coli; gram- rods; effects intestines producing diarrhea; entertoxin involved; various antibiotics used.

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Infantile and Traveler's Diarrhea

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C.Perfringens; gram+ sporing rod; attacks intestines causing vomiting and diarrhea; infection of deep wounds.

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Clostridial Food Poisoning

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C.botulinum; gram+ sporing rod; effects neuromuscular junction with a toxin that can kill; food poision.

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Botulism

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K.Pneumoniae; gram- rod with capsule; attacks lungs; common nosocomial infection; various antibiotics used.

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Klebsiella Pneumonia

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S.aureus; gram+ coccus, attacks intestines causing cramps and diarrhea; toxin involved; no treatment.

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Staph Food Poisoning

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B.Burgdorferi; spirochete; affects skin, joints, and heart; bull's eye rash; tick vector; tetracycline.

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Lyme Disease

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C.tetani; gram+ sporing rod; anaerobic; effects nerves at synapse and causes spasms and lockjaw; penicillin.

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Tetanus

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Which process "copies the DNA strands"?

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Replication

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Which of these involves the transfer of DNA in solution?

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Transformation

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Which of these would turn on an inducible enzyme like "lac"?

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Inducer/Repressor

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Which of these methods of sample preparation would favor anaerobic (microbes that can live without oxygen) microbes?

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use a Co2 Chamber

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Which of these methods sterilizes with the sound of vibration?

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Sonnication

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Which of these uses organic molecules as both energy and carbon sources?

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Chemoheterotroph

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Which of these would most likely produce alcoholos or organic acids (and gas) as end products?

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Fermenters

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Photosynthesis involves all of theses EXCEPT:

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Biodegradation

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The photosynthetic process used by photoautotrophs requires all of these "raw materials" EXCEPT:

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Glucose

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Light driven photosynthesis may form any of these EXCEPT:

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Dioxin

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Which of these is the main pigment used in the process of photosynthesis?

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Chlorophyll

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Pili tubes move genetic information from donor to recipient by:

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Conjugation

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An example of a fermenting microbe is:

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Escherichia

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Energy in biological systems is primarily:

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Chemical

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For mutations to have an effect on populations of microbes:

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Inheritable, Permanent

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The process of DNA rewriting information into RNA is called:

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Transcription

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The process of RNA codons being interpreted is called:

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Translation

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The process of ribosomes reading coded messages and assembling proteins is called:

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Translation

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Three types of RNA may be formed from DNA templates; which of these is NOT a type of RNA?

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dRNA (RNA is - mRNA, tRNA and rRNA)

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How many different kinds of amino acids may synthesize the various proteins in compose living cells?

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20

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Which characteristic is NOT true of plasmids?

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Required for cell function

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The PCR reaction requires all of these EXCEPT:

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Electrophoresis

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The function of ligase is to:

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Rejoin segments of DNA

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Which of these are important in cloning an isolated gene?

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Restriction endonuclease, vector, host organism.

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Which gene is incorporated in plasmids to detect recombinants?

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Antibiotic Resistance

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A pathogen of plant roots that is used as a cloning host is:

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Agrobacterium

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Which of the following are pyrogenic cocci?

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Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Neisseria.

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The skin blotches in meningitis are due to:

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Endotoxins in blood.

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Rheumatic fever damages the ______ , and glomerulonephritis damages the _______:

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Heart valves, kidneys

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What is the usual habitat of endospore forming pathogens:

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Dust and soil (i.e - Fungi)

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The action of tetanus endotoxin is on the:

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Spintal interneurons

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TB is spread by:

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Respiratory droplets

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Which of these is NOT a bacterial pathogen?

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Flu

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A unique visible trait to many variants of Pseudomonas is:

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Fluorescent pigment

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Haemophilus influenzae requires _____ for growth:

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Blood

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The severe symptoms of pertussis are due to:

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Killed respiratory epithelial cells

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GI tract diseases may be transmitted by:

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Food, Flies, Feces

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Which of these is produced by Streptococcus and dissolves clots?

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Toxins

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Which of these microbes causes whooping cough?

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Bordatella

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Which of these bacteria may cause ulcers?

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Helicobacter

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Jacob and Monod named the entire unit for expressing a particular gene an OPERON

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True

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When an inducer nutrient is absent from the cytoplasmic environment, the repressor gene codes for mRNA and repressor protein forms.

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True

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In the "lac operon," inducer molecules bind preferentially with receptor protein, thus, unlocking transcription.

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True

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Scientists are learning to re-engineer bacteria to produce useful materials.

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True

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Cyanobacteria practice photosynthesis in a manner similar to eukaryotes like grass and maple trees.

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True

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A control mechanism for protein synthesis is operated by the operon theory.

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True

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When ATP forms aerobically, Krebs Cycle enzymes are operating.

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True

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Some microorganisms contain extrachromosomal DNA in the form of plasmids.

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True

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Plasmids may code for antibiotic resistance or other selective features within a cell.

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True

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All mutations are induced, NONE are spontaneous.

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False, some may be spontaneous.

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Arthropod vectors of disease include mosquitos and ticks.

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True

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Mycoplasmas attack the lung cell membranes of hosts.

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True

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Treponema pallidum produces the gummas of syphilis.

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True

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Lyme disease symptoms include rash, arthritis, and aches.

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True

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Dental caries (cavities) are never produced by microbes.

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False, they are always produced by microbes.

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Number of energy molecules needed to start glycolysis

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Two

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Universal energy made by proton pumps in the ETS

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ATP

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Reducing power molecules formed during glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle

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FADH, NADH

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Two by-products of the Krebs Cycle

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Heat, Co2 (can also be Water)

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Molecule that recharges the Krebs Cycle (2 Carbons)

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Acetyl CoA

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The total number of energy molecules recovered from one glucose that has been broken down aerobically.

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"36-30"

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Micronutrients that produce co-enzymes and enzymes.

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"B-Complex," Vitamin C

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Organic molecule produced anaerobically from pyruvate

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Ethanol

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Which two molecules are formed when activated (phosphorylated) glucose is split?

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GAP, DHAP

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The nitrogenous bases of DNA, A, T, C, G are bonded to:

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Deoxyribose

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Which of these "powers" the electron transport system (ETS)?

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Proton pumps

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Which of these would NOT be a product of photosynthesis?

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Nitrates

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Which of these uses light as an energy source and organic compounds as a carbon source?

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Photoheterotroph

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Anabolism of proteins is also known as (opposite of catabolism):

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Protein Synthesis

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Name one bacterial STD and the germ that causes it:

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Gonnorhea, N.Gonnorhea

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Name one soil or arthropod borne bacterial disease and the specific microbe (NOT THE VECTOR) that causes it:

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Lyme Disease, B. Burgdorferi

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Name one food or waterborne bacterial disease and its germ:

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Botulism, C.Botulinum

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Name one respiratory tract bacterial disease and its germ:

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Klebsiella Pneumonia, K.Pneumoniae