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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what type of epithelium is the small intestine lined with
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simple columnar
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what keeps the small intestine in place
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suspended by the mesentery proper
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what re the functions of the small intestin
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Majority of chemical digestion
-bile from liver -digestive enzymes from pancreas Nutrien absorption |
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what are the regions of the small intestine
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duodenum
jejunum ileum |
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how long is the duodenum
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10 inches
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what is special about the duodenum
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receives main pancreatic duct and bile duct
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how long in the jejunum
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7.5 ft
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how lon his the ileum
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10.8 ft
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what are the three ways that the small intestine is modified to increase absorption
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Circular fold (plicae circulares)
Villi MicroVilli |
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what is another name for the microvilli of the small intestines
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brush border
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what is the purpose of the microvilli of the small intestine
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increase surface area also contain enzymes that complete the final stages of degestion
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what is a hiatal hernia
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stomach pushes through esophageal hiatus
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what is an umbilical hernia
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intestines push through the recus abdominus
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what is and inguinal hernia
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intestines push through inquinal canal
more common in males |
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what is femoral hernia
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intestines push through the femoral triangle
more common in females |
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what are the functions of the large instestine
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absorbs water and electrolytes
forces feces toward rectum |
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what are some special fetters of the large intestine
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Teniae coli - three thin, ;longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle
Haustra - sacks or bulges Epiploic appendages - fat filled pouches of vesceral peritoneum |
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large intestine anatomy
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what are the structures of the anal canal
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internal anal sphincter
external anal sphincter anal sinuses |
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is the internal anal sphincter smooth or skeletal muscle? voluntary involuntary?
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smooth-involuntary
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is the external anal sphincter smooth or skeletal muscle? involuntary or voluntary?
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skeletal - voluntary
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what is the function of the anal sinuses
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produce mucus to lubricate anal canal
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what is appendicitis
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fecal matter obstructs the appendix
will swell and burst if untreated cause peritoniits |
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what is an intestinal obstruction
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any hindrance to the movement of chyme or feces throughout intestine
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what is inflammatory bowel disease
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periodic inflammation fo intestinal wall
symptoms include cramping, diarrhea, weight loss, intestinal bleeding |
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what are some of the characteristics of colorectal cancer
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2nd most common cancer
most arise from intestinal polyps conlonoscopy |
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why are the pancreas liver and gallbladder considered accessory organs
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they aren't part of the GI tract but the y are part of the digestive system because they secrete substances in the GI tract to facilitate digestion
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what are the exocrine function sod the pancreas
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produces digestive enzymes
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what are the endocrine functions of the pancreas
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produces insulin and glucagon
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liver anatomy
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what are the liver functions associated with blood
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-storage of excess blood nutrients
-detox of poisons metabolites and drugs -clean out debris and old RBCs -production of proteins(albumin, globulins, and blood clotting proteins) |
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what are the functions associated with digestion
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Prduces bile
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liver histology
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what is the purpose of the gallbladder
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stores and concentraes bile
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what is the pathway of bile
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left and right hepatic ducts
common hepatic duct cystic duct into gallbladder cystic duct out of gallbladder common bile duct duodenum |
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what is liver cirrhosis
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-liver cells are destroyed and replaced by connective tissue
-most commonly caused by alcoholism -results in jaundice and toxin buildup in the blood |
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what is the treatment for liver cirrhosis
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trasplant
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what is viral hepatitis
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inflammation of the liver
flu-like symptoms and jaundice |
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what are gallstones
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crystallization of cholesterol or calcium and bile salts
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diagram of peritoneal cavity
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what are th name sod the __ mesentaries
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4
greater momentum lesser omentum mesentery proper mesocolon |
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what are the organs that are retroperitoneal
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most of the duodenum
pancreas ascending and descending colon rectum kidneys |
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________ becomes a tube after transverse folding
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endoderm
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the forgut in the primitive gut tube becomes
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pharynx to duodenum
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the midgut in the primitive gut tube becomes
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dudenum to transvers colon
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the hind gut of the primitive gut tube become the ....
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transverse colon to anus
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accessory digestie organs bud of the
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primitive gut tube
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