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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scientific Method
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pin point and explain relationships between variables
Hypothesis about two or more variables Testing of variables Conclusions about direction of affect |
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nomothetic
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objective and not influenced by will or subjective feelings
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Case Study
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Detailed description of a person's life and psychological problems
History, present circumstances, and symptoms why did they develop? What was the treatment? |
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How are case studies helpful?
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Open the way for research
can be used to test accuracy and inaccuracy of therapeutic methods/ideas shows value for new therapy techniques |
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What are the limitations of case studies?
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The person reporting is a biased observer, they want the method to work.
cannot generalize low internal and external validity |
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Correlational Method
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the amount events or characteristics vary with each other.
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the line of best fit
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the line you draw among the data points that represents their positive, negative, or non correlation.
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Magnitude/Strength
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how closely do two variables correspond?
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What are the merits of correlational method?
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high external validity
easily repeatable |
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Epidemiological Studies
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Show Incidence and Prevalence in a population
Incidence: How many times has a new case occurred in a period of time. Prevalence: Total cases new and existing in a period of time. |
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Longitudinal Studies
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Correlational: observe the same participants on many occasions over a period of time
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Experiment
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Manipulate two or more Independent variables and measure the dependent variable to determine the relationship between the two independent variables.
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Confounds
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a variable outside the independent variable affects results.
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Control group
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Group of people not exposed to the independent variable
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Experimental Group
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participants exposed to independent variable
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random assignment
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the likelihood that any participant will be assigned to one group
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blind design
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design with a control and experimental condition
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quasi experimental
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no random assignment in an experiment
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natural experiment
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An earthquake manipulates the participants reaction, you don't.
(quasi experimental) |
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Analogue experiment
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Induce abnormal behavior of participant to study the behavior (done on animals)
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Single subject experiment/ ABAB Single subject
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1-2 = normal SS experiment, 1-2-3-4 = ABAB SS experiment
1) Measure them before 2) Then measure them after treatment 3) Then measure again 4) Then measure after treatment again. |
