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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Foresight Bias |
Occurs when people have been studying for a future exam and they are overconfident about how they will perform on this exam |
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Total time hypothesis |
The amount that you learn depends on the total time you devote to learning |
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Distributed-Practice Effect |
You will remember more material if you spread your learning trials over time |
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Testing effect |
taking a test is actually an excellent way to boost your long-term recall for academic material
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Mnemonics |
the use of mental strategies to improve memory |
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Keyword method |
In this method, you identify an English word that sounds similar to the new word you want to learn. Then, you create an image that links the keyword with the meaning of this new word. |
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Familiar Locations Method |
Associating a memory with a physical location
Ex. Sherlock's Mind Palace
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Acrostic Method |
Using the first letter in each item of a list to remember the words; first letter technique |
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Hierarchy method |
A system in which items are arranged in a series of classes, from most general to most specific |
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Narrative technique |
make up a story to link words together |
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Prospective memory |
remembering that you need to do something in the future |
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Retrospective Memory |
Recalling previously learned information |
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How can absentmindedness be reduced and prospective memory be improved? |
creating a mental image of the thing you need to remember; linking something in the forefront of your mind |
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metacognition |
knowledge and control of cognition |
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metacomprehension |
knowledge and control of comprehension |
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metamemory |
knowledge and control of memory |
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How accurately do people generally predict their total score on a memory test in comparison to predicting whether they will remember individual items? |
People generally tend predict too highly their total score, but are more accurate in predicting individual items |
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how does the presence of a delay affect predictions? |
People are more accurate in predicting scores after a delay than they are immediately afterward |
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Is prediction better for multiple choice questions or essay questions? |
more accurate for multiple choice |
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Calibration |
measures people's accuracy in estimating their actual performance |
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How are those with ADHD different with metamemory than those without it? |
People with ADHD are even more likely to overestimate their total score on memory tasks; they are generally similar in the accuracy of their delayed judgments |
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How well do students allocate time on studying for easy tasks and difficult tasks? |
They spend more time on difficult tasks and less on easy ones. |
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How does the tip-of-the-tongue effect compare with the feeling-of-knowing effect? |
Tip of the tongue is for specific words, but the feeling of knowing is for ideas. |
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How accurate are college students in metacomprehension accuracy? |
not very accurate |
