Learning

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Learning

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A relatively permanent Change in an organism that occurs as a result of experiences in an environment

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Classical

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Prepares us for what's going to happen next

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Operant

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Learning through rewards and punishments

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Cognitive

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Learning by observing others

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Habituite

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We repeat the same behaviors

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Assosicate learning

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Learning that certain events happen together

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Unconditioned stimulus

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A stimulus that causes a response that is automatic no learned

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Unconditioned response

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An automatic response to a stimulus

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Conditioned response

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A learned response to a stimlus that was previously neutral or meaningless

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Conditioned stimulus

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Learned response to a neutral stimulus

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Neutral stimulus

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Doesn't cause a response and had nothing to do with it

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2 things that matter in classical conditioning

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Timing and frequency

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Generalization

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An ability for an organism to responded to similar but distinct stimuli

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Discrimination

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Ability to respond differently to different stimuli

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Extinction

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When the conditioned response dies out

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Spontaneous recovery

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When the conditioned response dies out but comes back not at its original strenght

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Higher order conditioning

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Procedure where the conditioned stimulus is paired with a new stimulus creating a 2nd or often weaker conditioned stimulus

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Garcia effect

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Exposed rats to radiation making them sick. He gave them sugar water after. Only took them one time to realize they didn't like it. Taste iversion

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Operant conditioning

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Learning from the consequence of behavior

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Skinner box

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Skinner put mouse in box. Mouse presses button and gets food.

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Law of effect

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If a response produces a satisfying effect it is likely to occur again

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reinforcement

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stimulus of event that increases the likely hood that a behavior will happen

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types of reinforcement

Primary reinforcer

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survival: food water work

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types of reinforcement

secondary reinforcer

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money attention; learned

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Positive reinforcement

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increases frequency of behavior

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negative reinforcement

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increases frequency of behavior because you are taking something painful away

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punishment

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decreases the frequency of a behavior; can lead to anger and hostility

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continuous reinforcement

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reinforcement each and every time

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partial reinforcement

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rewarding here and there

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interval schedules

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amount of times inforced

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fixed internal schedules

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an exact amount of time that passes be each reinforcement

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variable internal schedules

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varying time that passes between each reinforcement

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ratio schedules

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number of correct responses

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fixed ration schedules

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reinforcements of number of times

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variable ration schedules

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after a varied number of responses

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observational learning

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learned by observing others

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latent learning

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learning that remains hidden until it is needed

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albert bandura

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bobo doll; said that we acquire knowledge and skills by observing and imitating others

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modeling

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learn by watching others

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vicarious reinforcement

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learning through someone else or through somebody else getting rewared

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token economies

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rewarding one for good behaviors

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personal contracts

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making deals with ones self: "if...then..."

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know differences between pos and neg reinforcements