Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
|
PAVLOV- Pairing a neutral stimulus (BELL) repeatedly with an unconditioned stimulus (FOOD) to elicit a condition response (SALIVATION)
|
|
|
UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS
|
Natural stimulus (FOOD) that reflexively elicits a response (SALIVATION) without the need for prior learning.
|
|
|
UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE
|
An unlearned response (SALIVATION) that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus (FOOD)
|
|
|
NEUTRAL STIMULUS
|
A stimulus (BELL) that produces no conditioned response prior to learning
|
|
|
CONDITIONED STIMULUS
|
Originally the neutral stimulus. When paired with the unconditioned stimulus (FOOD), the neutral stimulus (BELL) becomes conditioned as it gains the power to cause a response
|
|
|
CONDITIONED RESPONSE
|
A learned response elicited by the conditioned stimulus
|
|
|
EXTINCTION
|
The weakening of conditioned behavior when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus
|
|
|
GENERALIZATION
|
Occurs when stimuli that are similar to the original stimuli
|
|
|
DISCRIMINATION
|
The ability to distinguish between two similar stimuli
|
|
|
OPERANT CONDITIONING
|
A learning process in which behavior is shaped and maintained by consequences (rewards or punishment) that follows a response.
|
|
|
REINFORCEMENT
|
Strengthens a response and makes it more likely to occur
|
|
|
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
|
Adding a stimulus to reinforce behavior
|
|
|
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
|
Taking away an aversive stimulus to reinforce behavior
|
|
|
PREMACK PRINCIPLE
|
The opportunity to engage in a preferred activity can be used to reinforce a less-preferred activity
|
|
|
CONTINUOUS REINFORCEMENT
|
All correct responses are reinforced
|
|
|
shaping
|
Strengthening behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of a behavior until the entire correct routine is displayed
|
|
|
INTERMITTENT REINFORCEMENT
|
Rewarding some but not all correct responses
|
|
|
FIXED RATIO SCHEDULE
|
Reinforcement that occurs after a set number of responses
EX: paid after every two lawns you mow |
|
|
VARIABLE RATIO SCHEDULE
|
Ratio varies
|
|
|
FIXED INTERVAL SCHEDULE
|
Reinforcement that occurs after a set amount of time has elapsed
EX: paycheck every Friday |
|
|
VARIABLE INTERVAL SCHEDULE
|
Time interval varies
EX: POP QUIZ |
|
|
PUNISHMENT
|
Behavior is followed by an aversive consequence that decreases the likelihood of the behavior being repeated
|
|
|
POSITIVE PUNISHMENT
|
Adding an aversive stimulus
EX: Adding more jobs |
|
|
NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT
|
Taking away a desired stimulus
EX: Taking away car keys or cell phone |
|
|
OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING
|
Occurs by watching others and then imitating or modeling the observed behavior
|
