Lom Vocabulary Chapter 15

Front 1

acetabulum

Back 1

Rounded depression in pelvis that joins the femur, forming the hip joint

Front 2

acromion

Back 2

Outward extension of shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder

Front 3

articular cartilage

Back 3

Thin layer of cartilage covering the bone in the joint space

Front 4

bone

Back 4

Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton

Front 5

bone depression

Back 5

Opening of hollow reqion serving as a connecton for bones, or passageway for blood vessels and nerves

Front 6

bone process

Back 6

Enlarged area that extends from bones as an attachment for muscles tendons, and ligaments

Front 7

Calcium

Back 7

A mineral constituent of bone

Front 8

cancellous bone

Back 8

Spongy, porous bone tissue in inner part of bone

Front 9

cartilage

Back 9

Flexible, rubbery connective tissue

Front 10

collagen

Back 10

Dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues

Front 11

compact bone

Back 11

Hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around outer portion of bones

Front 12

cranial bones

Back 12

Skull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal

Front 13

diaphysis

Back 13

shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone

Front 14

disk (disc)

Back 14

Flat, round, plate-like structure

Front 15

epiphyseal plate

Back 15

Cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes in the immature skeleton

Front 16

epiphysis

Back 16

Each end of a long bone; area beyond the epiphyseal plate

Front 17

facial bones

Back 17

Bones of the face: lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic

Front 18

fontanelle

Back 18

Soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant

Front 19

foramen magnum

Back 19

Opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

Front 20

haversian canals

Back 20

Minute spaes filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone

Front 21

ligament

Back 21

Firous tissue connecting bones to other bones

Front 22

malleolus

Back 22

Round process on both sides of the ankle joint

Front 23

manubrium

Back 23

Upper portion of the sternum

Front 24

mastoid process

Back 24

Round projectoin on the temporal bone behind the ear

Front 25

medullary cavity

Back 25

Central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone

Front 26

metaphysis

Back 26

Flared portion of long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate

Front 27

olecranon

Back 27

Large process on the proximal end of the ulna

Front 28

orthopedist

Back 28

Medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint, and muscle conditions

Front 29

osseous tissue

Back 29

Bone tissue

Front 30

ossification

Back 30

Process of bone formation

Front 31

osteoblast

Back 31

Bone cell that helps form bony tissue (build)

Front 32

osteclast

Back 32

Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue

Front 33

periosteum

Back 33

Membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

Front 34

phosphorus

Back 34

Mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium

Front 35

physiatrist

Back 35

Medical doctor who specializes in rehabilitation

Front 36

pubic symphysis

Back 36

Area of confluence of the two pubic bones in the pelvis

Front 37

red bone marrow

Back 37

Found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis

Front 38

Ribs

Back 38

Twelve pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall

Front 39

true ribs

Back 39

The first 7 pairs of ribs

Front 40

false ribs

Back 40

Are pairs 8-10 of the ribs

Front 41

floating ribs

Back 41

are pairs 11 and 12 of the ribs

Front 42

sella turcica

Back 42

Depression in the sphenoid bone whre the pituitary gland is located

Front 43

sinus

Back 43

Hollow air cavity within a bone

Front 44

styloid process

Back 44

Pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

Front 45

suture

Back 45

Immovable joint between bones

Front 46

temporomandibular

Back 46

Connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and the mandibular bone of the jaw

Front 47

tendon

Back 47

Fibrous connective tissue connecting muscles and bones

Front 48

ligaments

Back 48

join bone to bone

Front 49

trabeculae

Back 49

Supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone

Front 50

vertebra

Back 50

Individual segment of the spine composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinouse process, transverse process, and lamina

Front 51

xiphoid process

Back 51

Lower, narrow portion of sternum

Front 52

yellow bone marrow

Back 52

Fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones

Front 53

Condyle

Back 53

The knuckle-like process at the end of a bone near the joint

Front 54

Ewing sarcoma

Back 54

malignant bone tumor

Front 55

exostosis

Back 55

bony growth on surface of bone

Front 56

osteogenic sarcoma

Back 56

malignant tumor arising from bone

Front 57

osteomalacia

Back 57

softening of bone

Front 58

osteomyelitis

Back 58

inflammation secondary to infection

Front 59

talipes

Back 59

congenital abnormality of hindfoot involving the talus (club foot)

Front 60

Joint

Back 60

(articulation) coming together of two or more bones

Front 61

Suture joints

Back 61

immovable (skull)

Front 62

synovial joints

Back 62

freely movable joints

Front 63

ball and socket joints

Back 63

hip or shoulder joint

Front 64

hinge joints

Back 64

elbow, knee, ankle joints

Front 65

bursa

Back 65

sac of fluid near a joint

Front 66

meniscus

Back 66

crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure found in the knee

Front 67

musculoskeletal system

Back 67

bones, muscles, and joints of the body

Front 68

Bones

Back 68

structural support and protection fo internal organs

Front 69

muscles

Back 69

ternal and external movement

Front 70

Joints

Back 70

where bones come together/ type determined by need for flexibility

Front 71

tendons

Back 71

bind muscle together

Front 72

ligaments

Back 72

bind bones to other bones

Front 73

Orthopedist MD

Back 73

treat surgically bones, joints

Front 74

Rheumatologist MD

Back 74

arthritis treat

Front 75

Physiatrist MD

Back 75

specialize rehab after injury (amputees, etc)

Front 76

Osteopathic physician

Back 76

manipulate spinal column, joints, and soft tissue

Front 77

Calcium, phoshporous, and vitamin D

Back 77

Proper formation of bone depends on these sources

Front 78

Diaphysis

Back 78

Shaft bone structure

Front 79

Epiphysis

Back 79

end of bone structures

Front 80

Metaphysis

Back 80

conelike flared portion between end and shaft

Front 81

Epihyseal line or plate

Back 81

growth plate where cartilage replaced by bone for bone growth ( in length)

Front 82

compact bone

Back 82

contains haversian systems for blood vessels, nerves, and yellow bone marrow (mostly fat)

Front 83

cancellous

Back 83

spaces contain red bone marrow with elements for blood formation

Front 84

Two-hundred and six

Back 84

how many bones in human body

Front 85

Yellow marrow

Back 85

chiefly fat

Front 86

red marrow

Back 86

rich with blood vessels and immature and mature blood cells in various stages of development;

Front 87

hematopoieses

Back 87

is the formation of all types of blood cells in the bone marrow

Front 88

processes

Back 88

serve as attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments

Front 89

depressions

Back 89

opening of hollow regions help join bones or serve as passageways for nerves and/or vessels

Front 90

Brain

Back 90

what do cranial bones protect

Front 91

air cavities

Back 91

located in facial and cranial bone lighten the skull and warm and moisten the air as it passes into the respiratory

Front 92

vertebrae

Back 92

bone segments from base of skull to tailbone in five divisions and separated by pads of cartilage called intervertebral disks

Front 93

intervertebral disks

Back 93

pads of cartilage

Front 94

Coccyx

Back 94

tailbone