Lamoni Emt Ch. 5 Medical Term And Anatomy And Physiology

Front 1

Abdominal Quadrant

Back 1

Four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of pain or injury; RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Front 2

Acetabulum

Back 2

The pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint

Front 3

Acromioclavicular Joint

Back 3

The joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet

Front 4

Acromion Process

Back 4

The highest portion of the shoulder

Front 5

Alveoli

Back 5

The microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place

Front 6

Anatomical Position

Back 6

The standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. In this position, the body is standing erect, facing the observer, with the arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands facing forward

Front 7

Anatomy

Back 7

The study of body stucture

Front 8

Anterior

Back 8

The front of the body or body part

Front 9

Aorta

Back 9

The largest artery in the body. It transports blood from the left ventricle to begin systemic circulation

Front 10

Appendix

Back 10

A small tube located near the junction of the small and large intestines in the RLQ of the abdomen, the function of which is not well understood. Its inflammation, called appendicitis, is a common cause of abdominal pain

Front 11

Arteriole

Back 11

The smallest kind of artery

Front 12

Artery

Back 12

Any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart

Front 13

Atria

Back 13

The two upper chambers of the heart. There is a right atrium (which receives unoxygenated blood returning from the body) and a left atrium (which receives oxygenated blood returning form the lungs)

Front 14

Automaticity

Back 14

The ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own

Front 15

Autonomic

Back 15

The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions

Front 16

Bilateral

Back 16

On both sides

Front 17

Bladder

Back 17

The round sac-like organ of the renal system used as a reservoir for urine

Front 18

Blood Pressure

Back 18

The pressure caused by blood exerting force against the walls of the blood vessels. Usually arterial blood pressure (blood pressure in the artery) is measure. There are two types: diastolic and systolic blood pressure

Front 19

Brachial Artery

Back 19

Artery of the upper arm; the sire of the pulse checked during infant CPR

Front 20

Bronchi

Back 20

The two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs. There are the right and left bronchi. Singular: bronchus

Front 21

Calcaneus

Back 21

The heel bone

Front 22

Capillary

Back 22

A thin-walled microscopic blood vessel where the oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body's cells take place

Front 23

Cardiac Conduction System

Back 23

A system of specialized muscle tissues that conducts electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat

Front 24

Cardiac Muscle

Back 24

Specialized involuntary muscle found only in the heart

Front 25

Cardiovascular System

Back 25

The system made up of the heart (cardio) and the blood vessels (vascular); the circulatory system. Sometimes called the circulatory system

Front 26

Carotid Arteries

Back 26

The large neck arteries, one on each side of the neck, the carry blood from the heart to the head

Front 27

Carpals

Back 27

The wrist bones

Front 28

Central Nervous System

Back 28

The brain and spinal cord

Front 29

Central Pulses

Back 29

The carotid and femoral pulses, which can be felt in the central part of the body

Front 30

Clavicle

Back 30

The collarbone

Front 31

Combing Form

Back 31

A word root with an added vowel that can be joined with other words, roots, and suffixes to form a new word; for example, the combining form therm/o, which added to meter makes that new word thermometer

Front 32

Compound

Back 32

A word formed with two or more whole words; for example, the compound smallpox formed from small and pox

Front 33

Coronary Arteries

Back 33

Blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart (myocardium)

Front 34

Cranium

Back 34

Top, back and sides of the skull

Front 35

Cricoid Cartilage

Back 35

The ring shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx

Front 36

Dermis

Back 36

The inner (second) layer of the skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found below the epidermis

Front 37

Diaphragm

Back 37

The muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. A major muscle of respiration

Front 38

Diastolic Blood Pressure

Back 38

The pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refilling

Front 39

Digestive System

Back 39

System by which food travels through the body and is digested, or broken down into absorbable forms

Front 40

Distal

Back 40

Farther away from the torso. Also see proximal

Front 41

Dorsal

Back 41

Referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot. A synonym for posterior

Front 42

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Back 42

Artery supplying the foot, lateral to the large tendon of the big toe

Front 43

Endocrine System

Back 43

System of glands that produce chemicals called hormones that help to regulate many body activities` and function

Front 44

Epidermis

Back 44

The outer layer of the skin

Front 45

Epiglottis

Back 45

A leaf-shaped structure that prevents food or foreign matter from entering the trachea

Front 46

Epinepherine

Back 46

A hormone produced by the body. As a medication, it dilates respiratory passages and is used to relieve severe allergic reactions

Front 47

Exhalation

Back 47

A passive process in which the intercostal (rib) muscles and and the diaphragm relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and air flow out of the lungs

Front 48

Femoral Artery

Back 48

The major artery supplying the leg

Front 49

Femur

Back 49

The large bone of the thigh

Front 50

Fibula

Back 50

The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg

Front 51

Fowler Postion

Back 51

A sitting position

Front 52

Gallbladder

Back 52

A sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile produced by the liver

Front 53

Humerus

Back 53

The bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and the elbow

Front 54

Hypoperfusion

Back 54

Inadequate perfusion of the cells tissues of the body caused by insufficient flow of blood through the capillaries. Also called shock. Also see perfusion

Front 55

Illium

Back 55

The superior and widest portion of the pelvis

Front 56

Inferior

Back 56

Away from the head, usually compared with another structure that is closer to the head

Front 57

Inhalation

Back 57

An active process in which the intercostal (rib) muscles and the diaphragm contract, expanding the size of the chest cavity and causing air to flow into the lungs

Front 58

Insulin

Back 58

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics

Front 59

Involuntary Muscle

Back 59

Muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled

Front 60

Ischium

Back 60

The lower, posterior portions of the pelvis

Front 61

Joint

Back 61

The point where two bones come together

Front 62

Kidneys

Back 62

Organs of the renal system used to filter blood and regulate fluid levels in the body

Front 63

Large Intestine

Back 63

The muscular tube that removes waste products removed from the small intestines and removes anything not absorbed by the body toward excretion from the body

Front 64

Larnyx

Back 64

The voice box

Front 65

Lateral

Back 65

On the side away from the midline of the body

Front 66

Ligament

Back 66

Tissue that connects bone to bone

Front 67

Liver

Back 67

The largest organ of the body, which produces bile to assist in breakdown of fats and assists in the metabolism of various substances n the body

Front 68

Lungs

Back 68

The organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waster carbon take place

Front 69

Malleolus

Back 69

Protrusion on the side of the ankle. The lateral malleolus, at the lower end of the fibula is seen on the outer ankle, the medial malleolus, at the lower end of the tibia, is seen on the inner ankle

Front 70

Mandible

Back 70

The lower jaw bone

Front 71

Manubrium

Back 71

The superior portion of the sternum

Front 72

Maxillae

Back 72

The two fused bones forming the upper jaw

Front 73

Medial

Back 73

Toward the midline of the body

Front 74

Metacarpals

Back 74

The hand bones

Front 75

Metatarsals

Back 75

The foot bones

Front 76

Mid-axillary Line

Back 76

A line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle

Front 77

Mid-clavicular Line

Back 77

The line through the center of each clavicle

Front 78

Midline

Back 78

An imaginary line drawn down the center of the body dividing it into right and left halves

Front 79

Muscle

Back 79

Tissue that can contract to allow movement of the body part

Front 80

Musculoskletal System

Back 80

The system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement

Front 81

Nasal Bones

Back 81

The nose bones

Front 82

Nasopharynx

Back 82

The area directly posterior to the nose

Front 83

Nervous System

Back 83

The system of brain, spinal cord and nerves that govern sensation, movement and thought

Front 84

Orbits

Back 84

The bony structures around the eyes, the eye sockets

Front 85

Oropharynx

Back 85

The area directly posterior to the mouth

Front 86

Ovaries

Back 86

Egg-producing organs within the female reproductive system

Front 87

Palmar

Back 87

Referring to the palm of the hand

Front 88

Pancreas

Back 88

A gland located behind the stomach that produces insulin and juices that assist n the digestion of food in the duodenum of the small intestine

Front 89

Patella

Back 89

The kneecap

Front 90

Pelvis

Back 90

The basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities

Front 91

Penis

Back 91

The organ of male reproduction responsible for sexual intercourse and the transfer of sperm

Front 92

Perfusion

Back 92

The supply of oxygen to, and the removal of waste from, the cell and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries

Front 93

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 93

The nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord

Front 94

Peripheral Pulses

Back 94

The radial, brachial, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis pulses, which can be felt at peripheral (outlying) points of the body

Front 95

Phalanges

Back 95

The toe bones and finger bones

Front 96

Pharynx

Back 96

The area directly posterior to the mouth and nose. It is made up of the oropharynx and the nasopharynx

Front 97

Physiology

Back 97

The study of body function

Front 98

Plane

Back 98

A flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object

Front 99

Plantar

Back 99

Referring to the sole of the foot

Front 100

Plamsa

Back 100

The fluid portion of blood

Front 101

Platelets

Back 101

Components of the blood, membrane enclosed fragments of specialized cells

Front 102

Posterior

Back 102

The back of the body or body part

Front 103

Posterior Tibial Artery

Back 103

Artery supplying the foot, near the medial ankle

Front 104

Prefix

Back 104

Word part added to the beginning of a root or word to modify or qualify its meaning; for example, the prefix bi- added to the word lateral to form the word bilateral

Front 105

Prone

Back 105

Lying face down

Front 106

Proximal

Back 106

Closer to the torso. Also see distal

Front 107

Pubis

Back 107

The medial anterior portion of the pelvis

Front 108

Pulmonary Arteries

Back 108

The vessels that carry deoxygenated blood fromt he right ventricle of the heart to the lungs

Front 109

Pulmonary Veins

Back 109

the vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

Front 110

Pulse

Back 110

The rhythmic beats caused as waves of blood move through and expand the arteries

Front 111

Radial Artery

Back 111

Artery of the lower arm. It is felt when taking the pulse at the wrist

Front 112

Radius

Back 112

The lateral bone of the forearm

Front 113

Recovery position

Back 113

Lying on the side. Also called lateral recumbent postion

Front 114

Red Blood Cells

Back 114

Components of the blood. They carry oxygen to, and carbon dioxide away from, the cells

Front 115

Renal System

Back 115

The body system that regulates fluid balance and the filtration of blood. Also called the urinary system

Front 116

Reproductive system

Back 116

The body system that is responsible for human reproduction

Front 117

Respiration

Back 117

The process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and the cells

Front 118

Respiratory System

Back 118

The system of nose, mouth, throat, lung and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxde

Front 119

Root

Back 119

Foundation of a word that is not a word that can stand on its' own; for example, the root cardi, meaning heart, in words such as caridac and cardiology

Front 120

Scapula

Back 120

The shoulder blade

Front 121

Shock

Back 121

See hypoperufsion

Front 122

Skeleton

Back 122

The bones of the body

Front 123

Skin

Back 123

The layer of tissue between the body and the external enviroment

Front 124

Skull

Back 124

The bony structure of the head

Front 125

Small intestine

Back 125

The muscular tube between the stomach and the large intestine, divided the duodenum, jejunum and the ileum, which receives partially digested food from the stomach and continues digestion. Nutrients are absorbed by the body through its walls

Front 126

Spleen

Back 126

An organ located in the LUQ of the abdomen that acts as a blood filtration system and a reservoir for reserves of blood

Front 127

Sternum

Back 127

The breastbone

Front 128

Stomach

Back 128

Muscular sac between the esophagus and the small intestine where the digestion of food begins

Front 129

Subcutaneous Layers

Back 129

The layers of fat and soft tissue found below the dermis

Front 130

Suffix

Back 130

Word part added to the end of a root or word to complete it meaning; for example, the suffix -itis added to the root laryng to form the word laryngitits

Front 131

Superior

Back 131

Toward the head

Front 132

Supine

Back 132

Lying on the back

Front 133

Systolic Blood Pressure

Back 133

The pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into ciruculation

Front 134

Tarsals

Back 134

The ankle bones

Front 135

Tendon

Back 135

Tissue that connects muscle to bone

Front 136

Testes

Back 136

The male organ of reproduction used for the production of sperm

Front 137

Thorax

Back 137

The chest

Front 138

Thyroid Cartilage

Back 138

The wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and forms the Adam's apple

Front 139

Tibia

Back 139

The medial and larger bone of the lower leg

Front 140

Torso

Back 140

The trunk of the body; the body without the head and the extremeties

Front 141

Trachea

Back 141

Th windpipe; the structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs

Front 142

Trendelenburg Position

Back 142

A position in which the patients feet and legs are higher than the head

Front 143

Ulna

Back 143

The medial bone of the forearm

Front 144

Ureters

Back 144

The tubes connecting the kidneys to the bladder

Front 145

Urethra

Back 145

The tube connecting the bladder to the vagina or penis for excretion of urine

Front 146

Uterus

Back 146

Female organ of reproduction used to house the developing fetus

Front 147

Vagina

Back 147

The female organ of reproduction used for both sexual intercourse and as an exit from the uterus for the fetus

Front 148

Valve

Back 148

A structure that opens and closes to permit the flow of a fluid in only one direction

Front 149

Vein

Back 149

Any blood vessel returning blood to the heart

Front 150

Venae Cavae

Back 150

The superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. These two major veins return blood from the body to the right atrium. (Venae Cavae is plural, vena cave is singular)

Front 151

Ventilation

Back 151

The process of moving gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between inhaled air and the pulmonary circulation of the blood

Front 152

Ventral

Back 152

Referring to the front of the body. A synonym for anterior

Front 153

Ventricles

Back 153

The two lower chambers of the heart. There is a right ventricle (which sends oxygen poor blood to the lungs) and a left ventricle ( which sends oxygen rich blood to the body)

Front 154

Venule

Back 154

The smallest kind of vein

Front 155

Vertebrae

Back 155

The 33 bones of the spinal cord

Front 156

Voluntary muscle

Back 156

Muscle that can be consciously controlled

Front 157

White Blood Cells

Back 157

Components of the blood. They produce substances that help the body fight infection

Front 158

Xiphoid Process

Back 158

The inferior portion of the sternum

Front 159

Zygomatic arches

Back 159

Bones that form the structure of the cheek