Emt (Brady) Chapter 7 - Anatomy, Physiology, And Medical Terminology

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

refers to the structure of the body and the relationship of its parts to each other

Front 2

physiology

Back 2

refers to the function of the living body and its parts (how the body works)

Front 3

anatomical position

Back 3

the patient is standing erect facing forward with arms down at the sides and palms forward

Front 4

supine

Back 4

the patient lying face up on his back

Front 5

prone

Back 5

the patient is lying face down on his stomach

Front 6

lateral recumbent (recovery position)

Back 6

the patient is lying on his left or right side

Front 7

fowler position

Back 7

the patient is lying on his back with his uuper body elevated at a 45 to 60 deg angle

Front 8

semi-fowler position

Back 8

the patient is lying on his back with the legs elevated higher than the head and body on an inclined plane

Front 9

trendelenburg position

Back 9

the patient is lying on his back with the legs elevated higher than the head

Front 10

shock position

Back 10

where only the feet and legs are elevated approximately 12 inches

Front 11

midline

Back 11

vertical line through the middle of the patients body, beginning at the top of the head and goes all the way to the ground

Front 12

midaxillary line

Back 12

line that goes vertically from the middle of the patients armpit down to the ankle

Front 13

anterior plane

Back 13

the patients front

Front 14

posterior plane

Back 14

the patients back

Front 15

traverse plane

Back 15

imaginary line horizontally through the patients waist, divided into superior and inferior

Front 16

superior plane

Back 16

above the waste

Front 17

inferior plane

Back 17

below the waste

Front 18

dorsal

Back 18

toward the back or backbone

Front 19

ventral

Back 19

toward the front or belly

Front 20

medial

Back 20

toward the midline of center of body

Front 21

lateral

Back 21

refers to the left or right of the midline

Front 22

bilateral

Back 22

both left and right (on both sides)

Front 23

proximal

Back 23

near the point of reference. (up the arm)

Front 24

distal

Back 24

far from the point of reference (down the arm)

Front 25

midclavicular line

Back 25

center of each of the collarbones (clavical) extends from the center of either collarbone down the anterior thorax

Front 26

plantar

Back 26

the sole of the foot

Front 27

palmar

Back 27

refers to the palm of the hand

Front 28

what organs are in the RUQ

Back 28

liver (large portion), right kidney, colon, pancreas(small portion), gallbladder, small intestines

Front 29

what organs are in the LUQ

Back 29

Liver (small portion), spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas(majority), small intestines

Front 30

what organs are in the RLQ

Back 30

colon, small intestine, right ureter, appendix, right overy (female), right fallopian tube(female)

Front 31

what organs are in the LLQ

Back 31

colon, small intestines, left ureter, left ovary (female), left fallopian tube (female)

Front 32

what organs are part of the midline area of the abdomen

Back 32

bladder, uterus (female), prostate (male)

Front 33

musculoskeletal system

Back 33

consists of the bony framework, or skeleton, held together by ligaments that connect to bone, layers of muscle, tendons and other

Front 34

the interlocking bones of the cranium

Back 34

occipital, two parietal, two temporal, and the frontal

Front 35

maxillae

Back 35

fused bones of upper jaw

Front 36

zygomatic bones

Back 36

cheekbones

Front 37

mandible

Back 37

lower jaw, moves freely

Front 38

how many vertebrae in the spinal column?

Back 38

33

Front 39

5 parts of the spinal column from top to bottom

Back 39

cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, sacral spine, coccyx

Front 40

how many vertebrae in the cervical spine? position?

Back 40

C-1 to C-7 (7), top

Front 41

how many vertebrae in the thoracic spine? position?

Back 41

T1 to T12 (12), second down

Front 42

how many vertebrae in the lumbar spine? position?

Back 42

L1 to L5 (5), 3rd down

Front 43

how many vertebrae in the sacral spine? position?

Back 43

S1 to S-5 (5), 4th down

Front 44

how many vertebrae in the coccyx (tailbone)? position?

Back 44

(4), 5th down/bottom of spine

Front 45

femur

Back 45

thigh bone

Front 46

tibia

Back 46

inside portion of leg below the knee, anterior and medial side of the leg

Front 47

fibula

Back 47

outside portion of leg below the knee, lateral side of the leg parallel to the tibia

Front 48

flexion

Back 48

bending toward the body

Front 49

extension

Back 49

straightening away from the body

Front 50

abduction

Back 50

movement away from the midline

Front 51

adduction

Back 51

movement towards the midline

Front 52

circumduction

Back 52

a combination of fexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, (shoulder joint)

Front 53

pronation

Back 53

turning the forearm so the palm of the hand is turned toward the back

Front 54

supination

Back 54

turning the forearm so the palm of the hand is turned toward the front

Front 55

ball and socket joint

Back 55

permits the widest range of motion

Front 56

hinged joint

Back 56

permits flexion and extension

Front 57

pivot joint

Back 57

allows for a turning motion

Front 58

gliding joint

Back 58

where one bone slides across another to the point where surrounding structures restrict the motion

Front 59

saddle joint

Back 59

permits combination of limited movements along perpendicular planes

Front 60

condyloid joint

Back 60

a modified ball and socket joint that permits limited motion in two directions

Front 61

humerus

Back 61

the proximal portion of the arm. big bone above the elbow

Front 62

radius

Back 62

the lateral bone of the forearm

Front 63

ulna

Back 63

the medial bone of the forearm

Front 64

carpals

Back 64

8 bones in the wrist

Front 65

metacarpals

Back 65

small bones in the hand

Front 66

phalanges

Back 66

either fingers or toes

Front 67

calcaneus

Back 67

heel bone

Front 68

tarsals

Back 68

make up the proximal portion of the foot

Front 69

metatarsals

Back 69

form the substance of the foot

Front 70

acromion

Back 70

the tip of the shoulder girdle

Front 71

Medial and lateral knobby surface landmarks of the ankle

Back 71

malleolus

Front 72

acetabulum

Back 72

pelvic socket which fits the rounded top or head of the femur

Front 73

olecranon

Back 73

bony prominence of the elbow

Front 74

hypo-

Back 74

below normal

Front 75

hyper-

Back 75

above normal

Front 76

tachy-

Back 76

fast

Front 77

brady-

Back 77

slow

Front 78

cardio-

Back 78

heart

Front 79

endo-

Back 79

within

Front 80

contractility

Back 80

ability to expand and contract

Front 81

circulatory system

Back 81

heart, blood vessels, and blood

Front 82

digestive system

Back 82

main function to ingest and carry food so that absorption can occur and waste can be eliminated

Front 83

endocrine system

Back 83

glands that excrete hormones and carried to all parts of the body

Front 84

integumentary system

Back 84

the skin which has three layers

(epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer)

Front 85

musculoskeletal system

Back 85

bony framework or skeleton held together by ligaments, tendons and various other connective tissues

Front 86

nervous system

Back 86

controls the voluntary and involuntary activity of the human body

Front 87

reproductive system

Back 87

organs that function to accomplish human reproduction

Front 88

respiratory system

Back 88

functions: respiration, ventilation, oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide, and a buffer to maintain a normal acid-base (Ph) balance

Front 89

urinary or renal system

Back 89

filters and excretes wastes from the blood