Labor And Birth Process (18 Tb / 16 Sg)

Front 1

Membranous-filled spaces that are located where the sutures in the fetal/neonatal skull intersect

Back 1

fontanels

Front 2

Overlapping of the bones of the fetal skull that occurs during childbirth, thereby temporarily changing its shape and facilitating the skull's passage through the birth canal.

Back 2

molding

Front 3

Part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the birth canal during labor. The 3 main types are ___ (head first), ___ (buttocks first), and ___.

Back 3

presentation
cephalic
breech
shoulder

Front 4

Part of the fetal body that is first felt by the examining finger during a vaginal exam. The 4 types are ?

Back 4

presenting part
occiput
chin (mentum)
sacrum
scapula

Front 5

Presentation that occurs when the fetal head is fully flexed, making the fetal occiput the part first felt by the examining finger.

Back 5

vertex presentation

Front 6

Relationship of the fetal spine (long axis) to the maternal spine (long axis).

Back 6

fetal lie

Front 7

Term used when the spines are parallel

Term used when the spines are perpendicular (at right angles).

Back 7

longitudinal lie

transverse lie

Front 8

Relationship of the fetal body parts to one another

Most common type of relationship

Back 8

attitude
general flexion

Front 9

Most common type of relationship

Back 9

general flexion

Front 10

Largest transverse diameter of the fetal skull

Back 10

biparietal diameter

Front 11

Relationship of the fetal presenting part (occiput, mentum, sacrum, scapula) to the 4 quadrants of the maternal pelvis

Back 11

fetal position

Front 12

This is said to have occurred when the largest transverse diameter of the presenting part has passed thru the pelvic inlet and into the true pelvis, reaching the level of the ischial spines

Back 12

engagement

Front 13

relationship of the fetal presenting part to an imaginary line drawn between the ischial spines. It is measured in ___ above or below the ischial spines, thereby serving as a method of determining the progress of fetal ___.

Back 13

station
centimeters
descent

Front 14

Process of shortening and thinning of the cervix during the 1st stage of labor. Progress is expressed in % from 0% to 100%

Back 14

effacement

Front 15

Enlargement and widening of the cervical opening (os) and the cervical canal that occurs during labor. Progress is expressed in centimeters from less than 1 cm to 10 cm when complete

Back 15

dilation

Front 16

Descent of the fetal presenting part into the true pelvis approx 2 wks before term in the primigravida and in the multiparous woman once true labor is in progress

Back 16

lightening ("dropping")

Front 17

Primary powers of labor.

They are responsible for ___ and ___.

Back 17

involuntary uterine contractions
effacement
dilation

Front 18

Secondary powers of labor accomplished when the woman bears down or pushes.

Back 18

voluntary bearing-down efforts (abdominal muscle contraction)

Front 19

Brownish or blood-tinged cervical mucoid discharge representing the passage of the mucous plug as the cervix ripens in prep for labor

Back 19

bloody show

Front 20

Term used to refer to the movements of the fetus in a vertex presentation as it turns and adjusts its head to facilitate passage thru the maternal birth canal. These 7 movements are?

Back 20

cardinal movements of labor (mechanism of labor)
engagement
descent
flexion
internal rotation
extension
external rotation (restitution)
expulsion

Front 21

Term used to refer to the maternal urge to bear down, which occurs when the fetal presenting part reaches the perineal floor stimulating stretch receptors and causing release of oxytocin

Back 21

Ferguson reflex

Front 22

Pushing method characterized by a closed glottis with prolonged breath holding and bearing down

Back 22

valsalva maneuver

Front 23

The 1st stage of labor begins with the onset of ___ and ends with full ___. It is divided into 3 phases, namely, ___, ___, and ____.

Back 23

regular uterine contractions
dilation of cervix
latent, active, transition

Front 24

The 2nd stage of labor lasts from the time the ___ to the ___.

Back 24

cervix is fully dilated
birth of the fetus

Front 25

the 3rd stage of labor lasts from the ___ until the ___

Back 25

birth of the fetus
placenta is delivered

Front 26

The 4th stage of labor is the period of ___ when homeostasis is reestablished.

Back 26

recovery following birth

Front 27

4 factors that affect fetal circulation during labor

Back 27

maternal position
maternal blood pressure
uterine contractions
umbilical cord blood flow