Fetal Assessment During Labor (20 Tb / 18 Sg)

Front 1

Average FHR range of 110-160 beats/min at term as assessed during a 10-minute segment that excludes periodic or episodic changes and periods of marked variability

Back 1

Baseline FHR

Front 2

persistent (10 minutes or longer) baseline FHR below 110 beats/minute

Back 2

bradycardia

Front 3

Visually apparent decrease in the FHR of 15 beats/min or more below the baseline, that lasts more than 2 minutes but less than 10 minutes

Back 3

prolonged deceleration

Front 4

Changes from baseline patterns in FHR that occur with uterine contractions

Back 4

periodic changes

Front 5

Persistent (10 minutes or longer) baseline FHR greater than 160 beats/min

Back 5

tachycardia

Front 6

Expected irregular fluctuations in the baseline FHR of 2 cycles per minute or greater as a result of the interaction of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Back 6

variability

Front 7

Visually apparent gradual FHR decrease starting with the onset of a contraction in response to fetal head compression

Back 7

early deceleration

Front 8

Visually apparent gradual FHR decrease after the start of a uterine contraction in response to uteroplacental insufficiency; the lowest point occurs after the peak of the contraction and baseline rate is not usually regained until the uterine contraction is over

Back 8

late deceleration

Front 9

Visually abrupt FHR decrease any time during a contraction in response to umbilical cord compression

Back 9

variable deceleration

Front 10

Visually apparent abrupt increase in the FHR of at least 15 beats/min or greater above the baseline rate that lasts 15 seconds or more with return to baseline less than 2 minutes from the beginning of the increase

Back 10

acceleration

Front 11

changes in FHR from baseline that are not associated with uterine contractions

Back 11

episodic changes

Front 12

deficiency of oxygen in the arterial blood

Back 12

hypoxemia

Front 13

inadequate supply of oxygen at the cellular level

Back 13

hypoxia

Front 14

method of listening to fetal heart sounds at periodic intervals to assess the FHR using a Leff scope, DeLee-Hillis fetoscope, or an ultrasound device

Back 14

intermittent auscultation

Front 15

external monitoring instrument that works by reflecting high-frequency sound waves off the fetal heart and valves to assess and record the FHR pattern. It is placed over the ___ after conductive gel is applied to its surface.

Back 15

ultrasound transducer
maximal intensity of FHR

Front 16

Internal monitoring instrument that is attached to the fetal presenting part to assess FHR pattern

Back 16

spiral electrode

Front 17

Internal monitoring instrument that is solid or fluid filled; it is inserted into the intrauterine cavity to measure uterine activity (e.g., frequency, duration, and intensity of uterine contractions)

Back 17

intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC)

Front 18

Method of assessment that monitors fetal oxygen saturation levels

Back 18

fetal pulse oximetry

Front 19

Method used to obtain fetal blood in order to assess the pH of the blood

Back 19

fetal scalp blood sampling

Front 20

Instillation of room-temperature isotonic fluid (e.g., normal saline or lactated Ringer's) into the uterine cavity if the volume of amniotic fluid is low to relieve intermittent cord compression that results in variable decelerations and transient fetal hypoxemia

Back 20

amnioinfusion

Front 21

external monitoring instrument that measures uterine activity (e.g., frequency, regularity, and approximate duration of uterine contractions) transabdominally. It is placed over the ___.

Back 21

tocotransducer (tocodynamometer)
fundus

Front 22

An abnormally small amount of amniotic fluid

Back 22

oligohydramnios

Front 23

absence of amniotic fluid

Back 23

anhydramnios

Front 24

relaxation of the uterus that can be achieved through the administration of drugs that inhibit uterine contractions. The most commonly used for this purpose is ___.

Back 24

tocolysis
terbutaline

Front 25

Assessment method used immediately after birth as an adjunct to the Apgar score; it measures pH, PO2, and PCO2 of the newborn's blood and reflects the acid-base status of the newborn at birth

Back 25

umbilical cord acid-base determination

Front 26

Group of interventions initiated when an abnormal (nonreassuring) FHR pattern is noted to improve uteroplacental perfusion and increase maternal oxygenation and cardiac output.
Basic corrective measures include (3) ?

Back 26

intrauterine resuscitation
supplemental oxygen, maternal position change, increasing IV infusion rate

Front 27

Low risk clients (risk factors are absent during labor): auscultate FHR or assess tracing every ___ in the 1st stage of labor and every ___ in the 2nd stage of labor

Back 27

30 minutes - 1st stage
15 minutes - 2nd stage

Front 28

High risk clients (risk factors are present during labor): auscultate FHR or assess tracing every ___ in the 1st stage of labor and every ___ in the 2nd stage of labor

Back 28

15 minutes - 1st stage
5 minutes - 2nd stage

Front 29

The 5 essential components of the FHR tracing that must be evaluated at the recommended frequency for the maternal risk status are (5)

Back 29

baseline rate
baseline variability
accelerations
decelerations
changes or trends over time

Front 30

A laboring woman's temperature is elevated as a result of an upper respiratory infection. The FHR pattern that reflects maternal fever is:
a. diminished variability
b. variable decelerations
c. tachycardia
d. early decelerations

Back 30

c. tachycardia
diminished variability-hypoxia
variable decelerations - cord compression
early decelerations - head compression