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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the percentage of vital capacity exhaled during a 1-second period of the FVC test
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forced expiratory volume (FEV1)
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the amount of air that can be taken into the lungs beyond the tidal volume
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insipiratory reserve volume
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the amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs beyond the tidal volume
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expiratory reserve volume
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the volume of a normal breath
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tidal volume
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the maximum amount of air that can be voluntarily moved in and out of the lungs
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vital capacity
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the proportion of pressure that a single gas exerts within a mixture
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partial pressure
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the amount of air that can be expelled completely and rapidly as possible after a maximum inspiration
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forced vital capacity (FVC)
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the amount of air left in the lungs after a maximum exhalation
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residual volume
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vital capacity plus residual volume
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total lung capacity
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respiration
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breathing and the transport of O2 and CO2 between lungs and body tissues
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ventilation
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the movement of air into and out of te lungs
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alveoli
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air sacs in the lungs
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diaphragm
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dome-shaped muscle, divides the thoracic from abdominal cavities
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inspiration
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active process of bringing air into the lungs
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expiration
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passive process of expelling air from the lungs
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Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to distribute oxygen to, and remove carbon dioxide from, the cells of the body
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Respiratory system brings in O2 and removes CO2 while the blood is the transport vehicle between lungs and body tissues where CO2 is picked up and O2 dropped off
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tidal volume
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500mL
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inspiratory reserve volume
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3000mL
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expiratory reserve volume
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1200mL
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vital capacity
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4800mL
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residual volume
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1000mL
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total lung capacity
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6000mL
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How do you calculate minute respiratory volume?
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TV + bpm = minute respiratory volume
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What was the effect of reducing the radius of the air flow tube on respiratory volumes?
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Increase TLC, FRC, RV -- Obstructive disorder
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What is the role of surfactant in respiration?
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Decreases surface tension of fluid lining the inner surface of alveoli
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What would happen if surfactant were not present?
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The alveoli would not stay inflated due to increased surface tension of fluid lining their inner surface
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What happens in pneumothorax?
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Air is introduced into the intraplural space
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Why is it important to that intrathoracic pressure be kept lower then atmospheric pressure?
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To keep the lungs tightly attached to the thoracic wall
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What happens to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood during rapid breathing?
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Reduced
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What happens to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide during rebreathing?
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Slows respiratory rate by increasing CO2
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What happens to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide during breathing?
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Increases
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What was the value obtained for (FEV1/FVC) X 100% with "normal" breathing?
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80%
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What effect did "emphysema breathing" have on FVC and FEV1?
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Lowered both
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In "emphysema breathing" which of the two valves, FVC and FEV1 changed the most?
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FEV1
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What effect did "acute asthma attack breathing" have on FVC and FEV1?
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lowered both
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In "acute asthma attack breathing" which of the two values, FVC and FEV1 changed the most?
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FEV1
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Describe the effect that the inhaler medication had on FVC and FEV1
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returns valves to normal
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Did the valves return to "normal"? Explain.
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Just about -- IRV a little low
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During "moderate exercise breathing" which volumes changed the most?
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TV/IRV
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During "heavy exercise breathing" which volumes changed the most?
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TV/ERV/IRV
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