Korean Grammar Points

Front 1

이/가

Back 1

Subject marker it refers to what the predicate is about

Front 2

N은/는(1)

Back 2

Topic marker, denotes that the noun is the topic of the sentence

Front 3

N이/가 아니다

Back 3

It refers to negation of a fact

Front 4

N도

Back 4

It means "also""too"

Front 5

이 그 저

Back 5

이 something close to the speaker

그something close to the listener but not the speaker

저something far away from both the speaker and the listener

Front 6

N의

Back 6

It is a possessive particle.(like the 's of English)

Front 7

N에(1)

Back 7

It is a locative particular. Used generally with 있다/없다 refers to being at that location. Puts next to the name of the location.

Front 8

N이/가 있다/없다

Back 8

It refers to the existence or non existence of an object or a person.

Front 9

V-(스)ㅂ니다/-(스)ㅂ니까?

Back 9

It refers to the final verb suffixes in honorific formal speech in present tense.

Front 10

N(을/를)

Back 10

Object marker of the action verb. Indicates the direct object of an action verb.

Front 11

N만

Back 11

Only, just. Marker of exclusivity.

Front 12

N에 가다/오다 (다니다)

Back 12

It indicates the destination someone is going or coming back from. 다니다 is when you do it regularly like work and school.

Front 13

N과/와/하고 N

Back 13

They are conjunctive to be used to join two or more nouns in parallel relation.

과/와 formal

하고 informal

Front 14

N에서

Back 14

At, in N(place) dynamic locative particular indicating the location of an activity.

Front 15

N에(2)

Back 15

At, in, on(time). Indicates a time reference.

Front 16

V-아/어/여요(1) N이에/예요

Back 16

Sentences ending used in informal polite speech level.

Front 17

N부터/까지

Back 17

Is used for temporal expressions meaning "from time till time"

Front 18

안 V / V-지 않다

Back 18

Both mean do not, they refer to an intentional negative.

Front 19

V-았/었/였- N이었/였

Back 19

This are the past forms of present simple.

Front 20

V-고(1) N(이)고

Back 20

And. Conjunctive particles connecting two or more clauses.

Front 21

AV-아/어/여 보다

Back 21

Is an expression of a pat experience, a present attempt or a suggestion.

Front 22

으 verbs

Back 22

The ㅡ is deleted without exception, when it is followed by the vowels ㅏ/ㅓ

Front 23

N은/는(2)

Back 23

Contrast marker. Compare two different or contrastive items.

Front 24

ㅂ verb

Back 24

Turns into ㅜ/ㅗ in some cases. Usually when it is an ㅗ orㅏit becomesㅘ. If it is another vowels ㅝ is attached.

Front 25

AV-아/어/여서(1)

Back 25

And then, and there. Connects two clauses and indicates a sequence of events.

Front 26

N(으)로(1)

Back 26

To,towards, heading to. Is a direction particle.

Front 27

AV-(으)러 가다/오다

Back 27

To go(to come) to do... . Expresses the purpose of going somewhere(I went to the park to walk my dog)

Front 28

AV-(으)ㄹ 거예요(1)

Back 28

I will. Is an expression of probable future or plan.

Front 29

AV-고(2)

Back 29

And then. Is a conjunctive particle connecting two or more actions and indicates a sequence of events.

Front 30

AV-기 전에, N전에

Back 30

Before. It is attached to an action verb or a noun. It expresses a fact or a premise before something is done.

Front 31

AV-(으)ㄴ 후에, N- 후에

Back 31

After. It expresses a fact or a result after something is done.

Front 32

N- 동안

Back 32

During. Denotes the length of the time during which a certain action or behavior begins and lasts until it ends.

Front 33

AV-(으)세요/ (으)십시오

Back 33

Polite forms to express a command. They are attached only to action verb steams.

Front 34

N(이)랑

Back 34

And, together with. Joins two or more nouns.

Front 35

Av-고 있다(1)

Back 35

Be doing, be doing something. It is the present progressive form. Denotes an action in progress(like the -ing of English)

Front 36

N에게(서)/ 한테(서)

Back 36

To somebody. (From somebody). It indicates the recipient or the source of an action.

Front 37

AV-(으) ㄹ까요?

Back 37

Shall I/we? Is a sentence final suffix which is used to ask the listener's opinion or consent.

Front 38

V- 아/어/여서(2) N이어/여서

Back 38

Because, as, since. They are attached to a verb or a noun to express a cause or a reason of the following clause. It is not used with 세요/ ㄹ 까요. And it doesn't change when is used in other tenses.

Front 39

AV-(으)ㄹ 수 있다/없다

Back 39

Can't, can. Is an expression of ability or possibility of doing something.

Front 40

V-(으)ㄹ까요? (2) N일까요?p

Back 40

Do you think? Do you guess that? Are used to ask the listener opinion.

Front 41

V-(으)ㄹ 거예요(2) N일 거예요

Back 41

I think I guess that. Are expressions of probability or conjecture

Front 42

AV-(으)ㄹ 게요

Back 42

I will, I promise. A weak promise. Denotes the speaker's volition or determination. It is used only for statements and cannot be used for questions.

Front 43

AV- 아/어/여요(2)

Back 43

Let's!(request) please do(imperative) is a sentence final suffix suggesting both the speaker and the listener's joint actions or a formal command to the listener.

Front 44

N(으)로(2)

Back 44

By means of, with. Denotes means of transportation, tools or material.

Front 45

ㄹ verb

Back 45

When it meets ㄴ ㅂ ㅅ is omitted. When it is added to 으, 으 is omitted.

Front 46

V-거가 N(이)나

Back 46

Or. Indicates the use of any items in a list or do one out of many possible actions.

Front 47

Av-(으) ㅂ시다

Back 47

Let's! Is a sentences final suffix suggesting both the speaker's and the listener's joint action.

Front 48

V-(으)니까(1) N(이)니까

Back 48

As, because. Conjunctive suffix. It denotes a reason or a cause of the following clause.

Front 49

AV-고 싶다

Back 49

Want to, would like to. Expresses the speaker's desire or wish.

Front 50

AV-겠-(01)

Back 50

Will(intention) is a non final inflectional suffix and indicates speaker's intention or volition and future plan.

Front 51

AV-(으)ㄹ 게요

Back 51

I will, I promise. A weak promise. Denotes the speaker's volition or determination. It is used only for statements and cannot be used for questions.

Hint 51

내일 제가 음식 만들게요

Front 52

V-겠-(2) N-(이)겠-

Back 52

I guess. Is a non final inflectional suffix. It denotes the speaker conjecture.

Front 53

AV-아/어/여 주다

Back 53

To do a favor for someone. Is an auxiliary verb indicating a benefactor expression.

Front 54

V-(으)면, N(이) 면

Back 54

If when. They are conjunctive suffixes, they denote an assumption for an uncertain fact. Or it is used in the conditional mood. Ej: when the speaker cites a generally evident fact as a condition for something.

Front 55

V-거나 N(이)나

Back 55

Or. Indicates the use of any items in a list or do one out of many possible actions.

Hint 55

주말마다 친구들과 함께 농구나 축구를 해요

Front 56

못 AV / AV-지 못하다

Back 56

Cannot. Denotes the subject's lack of ability to do something or the fact that something does not got according to one's wish or hope due to some external factor.

Hint 56

이거 아파서 밥을 먹지 못했습니다

이거 아팡서 밥을 못 먹었어요

Front 57

AV-(으)려고 하다

Back 57

I intend to, I plan to. Is used to express the speakers intention and purpose of an action verb.

Hint 57

주말에 집에서 책을 읽으려고 해요/합니다

Front 58

N께서/께서는

Back 58

Are the honorific counterparts of 이/가 은/는

Hint 58

아버지께서 댁에 계십니다.

있다..계시다

먹다...드시다, 잡수시다

마시다...드시다

자다...주무시다

말하다...말씀하시다

아프다...편첞으시다

죽었다...돌아가셨다

집...백

말...말씀

밥...진지

나이...연세

생일...생식

Front 59

V-(으)시 N-(이)시

Back 59

Honorific prefinal ending. Are the subjects honorific suffixes used when the subject is higher in status or age than the speakers.

Hint 59

할머니께서 신문을 읽으십니다.

Front 60

V-아/어/여야 되다/하다

Back 60

Must, have to. Denotes obligation or necessity.

Front 61

V-아/어/여야 되다/하다

Back 61

Must, have to. Denotes obligation or necessity.

Hint 61

약속 시간에 늦지 않아야 해요

Front 62

AV-지 말다

Back 62

Don't (imperative) is used for prohibition.

Hint 62

도서관에서 음식을 먹지 마십시오(마세요)

Front 63

N보다

Back 63

Than N. Is a particle used for comparison

Front 64

V-지만, N(이)지만

Back 64

But, however. Conjunctive suffixes that connects two clauses with contrastive or opposite meaning.

Front 65

DV-(으)ㄴ N

Back 65

Adnominal phrase. Is a noun modifying form attached to the descriptive verbs and modifies the following noun.

Front 66

AV-아/어/여도 되다( 좋다 괜찮다)

Back 66

May, permission. Expresses permission or admission.

Front 67

AV-(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ N, N인 N

Back 67

Adnominal phrase. Are known modifying forms attached to the steam of an action verb and are attached to the steam of the verb.

Hint 67

Pas tense 으 ㄴ

Present tense 는

Future tense 으 ㄹ

Front 68

AV(으)면 안 되다

Back 68

May not(permission) means the behavior is not allowed

Front 69

V-(으) ㄴ/는데, 인데

Back 69

Whereas, but, yet, while.

Is an expression introducing a contrastive fact to the following clause.

Front 70

께

Back 70

To somebody from somebody in honorific

Front 71

AV-아/어/여 드리다/주시다

Back 71

To do a favor in honorific terms.