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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bone
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-rigid framework
-system of levers for movement -made of Ca, collagen and H20 -Ca provides the stiffness + strength of bone -Collagen provides tensile strength bend but dont break |
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cortical -structure
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-low porosity, stiff, more stess, but less strain, shafts of long bone
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trabecular - structure
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-high porosity, honeycomb structure, spongy bone, low in Ca, spinal column, varies w/age and health
-bone is strongest agains compressing, weakest against shear |
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axial
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-form axis of body
-skull, vertebrae, sternum and ribs |
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appendicular
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-peripheral
-arms and legs |
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short
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shock ansorbing
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types of bones
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short, flat, irregular, long
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long
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-make up framework of appendicular skeleton
-adapt to size and weight for biomechanical functions |
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longitudinal
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-occurs at the epiphyses located at each end of bone
-close around age 18 |
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circumferential
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-occurs thoughout life
-as new bone is formed, old bone resorbed |
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wolff's law
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density, shape, and size of bones are a function of the magnitude and direction of the mechanical stresses that act on the bone
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osteoporosis
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a disorder causing decrease bone mass and strength w/one or more resulting factors
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female athlete triad
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-disordered eating
-amenorrhea -osteoporosis, irreversible bone loss |
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synarthroses
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-little no movement
-sutures, skull -syndesmosis, inferior tib-fib joint |
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amphiarthroses
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-slightly movable
-sternocoastal joint, pubic symphysis, vertbral joint |
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diarthroses
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-freely movable
-hinge -elbow -saddle -thumb -ball and socket -hip and shoulder |
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uniaxial
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1 plane of motion - elbow
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biaxial
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2 plane of motion -ankel
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triaxial
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3 planes of motion -shoulder
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joint flexibilty
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describes ROM - angle through which a joint moves
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static
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passive movement from outside source
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dynamic
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actively move
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what affects joint flexibility
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-shape of joint, muscle and fat tissue
-dominant vs. non-dominant |
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why we warm up
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when tissue temp increase, extensibility of the collagen material increase
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