Kinesiology Ch. 17 - 18

Front 1

Which bones form the pelvic girdle?

Back 1

Sacrum

Coccyx

2 innomimate bones (os coxae)

Front 2

Back 2

1. Ilium

2. Pubis

3. Ischium

Front 3

Back 3

1. Lumbosacral

2. Sacroiliac

3. Symphysis pubis

Front 4

The pelvic girdle allows motion in ___ planes.

Back 4

3

Front 5

Back 5

1. False pelvis (greater or major)

2. True pelvis (lesser or minor)

Front 6

How is the sacroiliac joint classified and what is its function?

Back 6

Nonaxial, plane

To transfer weight from UB thru spine to hip bones.

Front 7

Back 7

1. Nutation (sacral flexion)

2. Counternutation (sacral extension)

Front 8

____ occurs with trunk flexion or hip extension while ____ occurs with trunk extension or hip flexion.

Back 8

Nutation, counternutation

Front 9

Back 9

Anterior sacroiliac ligament

Front 10

Back 10

Interosseous sacroiliac ligament

Front 11

Back 11

Posterior sacroiliac ligament

Long portion prevents downward movement of sacrum.

Short portion prevents forward movement of sacrum.

Front 12

Back 12

Sacrotuberous ligament

Strong, triangular ligament that attaches on the ischial tuberosity and prevents forward rotation of sacrum.

Front 13

Back 13

Sacrospinous ligament

Runs from lower, lateral sacrum and coccyx to spine of ischium.

Front 14

What type of disk is between the two pubic bones?

Back 14

Fibrocartilage

Front 15

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

Back 15

Amphiarthrodial

Front 16

Back 16

Iliolumbar ligament

Limits rotation between L5/S1 and prevents anterior movement of L5 on S1.

Front 17

What is indirectly responsible for creating the spinal curves?

Back 17

Lumbosacral angle

Hint 17

Front 18

What is the optimal lumbosacral angle?

Back 18

30 (degrees)

Front 19

What might cause a person to stand with the pelvis tilted anteriorly?

Back 19

Hip flexion contracture

Front 20

What might cause a person to stand with the pelvis tilted posteriorly?

Back 20

Tight hamstrings

Front 21

What is the point of reference for lateral tilt of the pelvis?

Back 21

Unsupported or NWB side

Front 22

What other joint motions are affected by pelvic tilt?

Back 22

Front 23

Pelvic anterior/posterior tilt occur in which plane? What about lateral tilt?

Back 23

A/P tilt: sagittal

Lateral tilt: frontal plane

Front 24

What is an important landmark in pelvic movement?

Back 24

ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)

Front 25

Right pelvic forward rotation would cause what movement at the left hip (WB side)?

Back 25

Medial rotation

Front 26

Right pelvic backward rotation would cause what movement at the left hip (WB side)?

Back 26

Lateral rotation

Front 27

Which muscles form a force couple to anteriorly tilt the pelvis?

Back 27

Erector spinae pull up.

Iliopsoas, sartorius pull down.

Front 28

Which muscles form a force couple to posteriorly tilt the pelvis?

Back 28

Gluteus maximus, hamstrings pull down.

Rectus abdominis pulls up.

Front 29

If a person stands with a habitual anterior tilt, which muscles will shorten? Which ones lengthen and become weak?

Back 29

Shorten: trunk extensors, hip flexors

Lengthen: trunk flexors, hip extensors

Front 30

What are some characteristics of the female pelvis?

Back 30

- more oval inlet

- shorter cavity

- shorter, less curved sacrum

- iliac walls not as vertical

- ischial tuberosities farther apart

- rounded pelvic arch

Front 31

Back 31

Sacral promontory

Front 32

Back 32

Ala

Front 33

Back 33

Foramina

Front 34

Back 34

Auricular surface

Front 35

Back 35

PSIS (posterior superior iliac spine)

Front 36

Back 36

PIIS (posterior inferior iliac spine)

Front 37

Back 37

ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)

Front 38

Back 38

AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)

Front 39

Back 39

Greater sciatic notch

Front 40

What forms the greater sciatic foramen?

Back 40

Greater sciatic notch (ilium, ischium)

Sacrotuberous ligament

Sacrospinous ligament

Front 41

What is a common site for fractures of the hip bone?

Back 41

Superior/inferior ramus of pubis

Front 42

Which bones form the acetabulum?

Back 42

Ilium, ischium, pubis

Front 43

What are the reference points for anterior/posterior tilt of pelvis?

Back 43

ASIS, pubic symphysis

Front 44

What are normal ranges and end feels for these hip motions?

Flexion/extension

Abduction/adduction

IR/ER

Back 44

Flexion 0-120 soft or firm

Extension 0-30 firm

Abduction 0-45 firm

Adduction 0-30 firm

IR 0-45 firm

ER 0-45 firm

Front 45

The hip is a ____ joint.

Back 45

Triaxial

Front 46

What is open-packed position for the hip?

Back 46

30* of flexion and abduction, slight ER

Front 47

What is closed packed position for the hip?

Back 47

Full extension, IR

Front 48

What is the capsular pattern of the hip?

Back 48

Flexion > abduction > IR

Front 49

When doing joint mobs a posterior glide of the head of the femur will stretch the posterior capsule and increase which movements?

Back 49

Flexion, IR

(When accessory motions of the femoral head are limited, a mobilizing force that moves the head of the femur into the direction of restriction can help restore motion.)

Front 50

Small projection proximal to the medical epicondyle of femur

Back 50

Adductor tubercle

Front 51

Prominent longitudinal ridge running down the middle third of the posterior shaft of the femur

Back 51

Linea aspera

Front 52

Which ligament reinforces the hip joint capsule anteriorly and what motion does it limit?

Back 52

Iliofemoral ligament, limits hyperextension

Front 53

What are some other names for the iliofemoral ligament?

Back 53

Y ligament, ligament of Bigelow

Front 54

Which ligament reinforces the hip joint capsule medially/inferiorly and what motion does it limit?

Back 54

Pubofemoral ligament, limits hyperextension and abduction

Front 55

Which ligament reinforces the hip joint capsule posteriorly and what motion does it limit?

Back 55

Ischiofemoral ligament, limits hyperextension and IR

Front 56

Which ligament allows a person to stand in the upright position without using any muscles and what is this called?

Back 56

Iliofemoral ligament, "hanging on the Y ligament "

(This is the basis for the standing posture of someone with paralysis due to spinal cord injury.)

Front 57

What increases the depth of the hip socket?

Back 57

Acetabular labrum

Front 58

When the external iliac artery and vein pass under the ____ ligament, their names change to the ____ artery and vein.

Back 58

Inguinal, femoral

Front 59

What passes through the adductor hiatus?

Back 59

Femoral artery and vein

(Here their names change to the popliteal artery and vein.)

Front 60

The hip has a group of one-joint muscles that provide ____ and a group of two-joint muscles that provide ____.

Back 60

Control, ROM

Front 61

Which muscle in the quadriceps group crosses the hip joint?

Back 61

Rectus femoris

Front 62

What is the longest muscle in the body?

Back 62

Sartorius

Front 63

Which muscle is most efficient when performing a combination of hip ✔/abd/ER?

Back 63

Sartorius - known as the tailor's muscle

Front 64

Which tendon is palpated when checking the fit of an AK prosthesis?

Back 64

Tendon of adductor longus

Front 65

Name the adductor muscles from superficial to deep.

Back 65

Adductor longus

Adductor brevis

Adductor magnus

Front 66

Which is the only hip adductor that crosses two joints?

Back 66

Gracilis

Front 67

List the six deep lateral rotators from superior to inferior.

Back 67

Piriformis

Gemellus superior

Obturator internus

Gemellus inferior

Obturator externus

Quadratus femoris

Hint 67

Piece goods often go on quilts.

Front 68

Tightness of which muscle may compress the sciatic nerve?

Back 68

Piriformis

Front 69

Which muscles originate on the ischial tuberosity?

Back 69

Biceps femoris

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

Front 70

Which muscles insert on the anteromedial surface of the tibia?

Back 70

Sartorius

Gracilis

Semitendinosus

This is the pes anserine (goose foot) muscle group.

Front 71

The short head of the biceps femoris does what action?

Back 71

Knee flexion

Front 72

When standing on one leg, which muscles contract on the supported side to keep the pelvis fairly level?

Back 72

Gluteus medius and minimus

Front 73

Which muscle is strongest when performing a combination of hip flexion/abduction?

Back 73

Tensor fascia lata

Front 74

What hip pathology occurs in children during the growth spurt years?

Back 74

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Front 75

Angle between the shaft and neck of the femur in the frontal plane

Back 75

Angle of inclination

Front 76

Angle between the shaft and neck of the femur in the transverse plane

Back 76

Angle of torsion

Front 77

Angle of inclination greater than 125*

Back 77

Coxa valga - This tends to make the limb longer, placing it in an adducted position when WB.

Front 78

Angle of inclination less than 125*

Back 78

Coxa vara - This tends to make the limb shorter, dropping the pelvis on that side when WB.

Front 79

What is an increase in the angle of torsion called and how does it cause a person to walk?

Back 79

Anteversion, person walks toed in

Front 80

What is a decrease in the angle of torsion called and how does it cause a person to walk?

Hint: Uncle Hank

Back 80

Retroversion, person walks toed out, the "duck walk"

Front 81

Overuse injury that causes lateral knee pain; seen in runners and bicyclists

Back 81

Iliotibial band syndrome

Front 82

One of the most common muscle problems; caused by overload or trying to move the muscle too quickly

Back 82

Hamstring strain (pulled hamstring)

Front 83

Back 83

Iliopsoas - psoas major and iliacus

Front 84

Back 84

Rectus femoris

Front 85

Back 85

Sartorius

Front 86

Back 86

Pectineus

Front 87

Back 87

1. Adductor longus

2. Adductor brevis

Front 88

Back 88

Adductor magnus

Front 89

Back 89

Gracilis

Front 90

Back 90

Gluteus maximus

Front 91

Back 91

1. Piriformis

2. Gemellus superior

3. Gemellus inferior

4. Quadratus femoris

5. Obturator internus

Front 92

Back 92

1. Semitendinosus

2. Biceps femoris, long head

3. Semimembranosus

Front 93

Back 93

Gluteus medius

Front 94

Back 94

Gluteus minimus

Front 95

Back 95

Tensor fascia lata

Front 96

Bony landmark of the femur which runs from below the lesser trochanter diagonally toward the linea aspera

Back 96

Pectineal line