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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Edward R Murrow
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-American broadcast journalist who had a radio series during WWII
-known for honesty and integrity in delivering the news -created a news report that censure of Senator Joseph McCarthy -not allowed to use CBS’s money to take out an ad |
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Charlotta Bass
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-first African American woman to own and operate her own newspaper
-California Eagle in 1912 -1925 employed 12 and published 26 pages a week -largest African American news paper on west coast -nominated as a candidate for vice president of the progressive party -born in South Carolina moved to Los Angeles |
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Ida B Wells
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-African American journalist and news editor with her husband
-civil rights movement -wrote about lynching in the United States and unfair punishments of blacks as well as -anti-lynching crusader, suffragist |
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William Lloyd Garrison
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-American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer
-editor of the abolitionist paper The Liberator -also a leader in the American Anti-Slavery society |
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Elijah Lovejoy
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-minister, journalist, newspaper editor, and abolitionist
-had his printing presses destroyed many times and was eventually murdered for his views and actions |
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Robert Abbot
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-lawyer and newspaper publisher
-founder of The Chicago Defender -most widely read newspaper in the country -America’s black paper |
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Barbra Walters
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-broadcast journalist, author, and television personality
-ABC News -The View -First female co-anchor on network news |
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Robert Vann
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-Pittsburg Courier
-find more information |
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Lara Logan
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-Radio journalist, CBS News, 60 Minutes
-Sexually assaulted in Egypt |
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Carr Van Anda
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-managing editor of New York Times
-wrote about the Titanic sinking -reported full truth of story |
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Leonard Pitts
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-Politically progressive African American commentator, journalist, and novelist
-2004 Pulitzer Prize winner for commentary -opinion writer |
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Father Coughlin
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-one of the first political leaders to use radio to reach mass audience
-vocal supporter of Franklin D Roosevelt and the New Deal -broadcasted from a Detroit radio station WJR, his weekly sermons about the bad area -it worked, many sent in money to help Royal Oaks -later signed a contract to speak on CBS radio -criticized Herbert Hoover -vibrant voice -great depressionappealed to lower class -defended Nazis -was then renounced by many Catholics |
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Rush Limbaugh
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-American radio talk show host
-got his radio start at KFBK radio station -humor in every issue -hired by ABC radio -core audience was white lower middle class men -politics, known for his racy comments -defended president Reagan -Most dangerous man in America |
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Don Hewitt
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-created 60 Minutes
-executive news producer, CBS news |
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Ivy Lee
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-founder of modern public relations
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Edward Bernays
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-modern public relations and propaganda
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Thomas Nast
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-Father of American cartoon
-created political symbols and more -Cartoons in Harper’s Weekly gave Tweed an even worse name by pointing out his political corrup |
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Margaret Bourke-White
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-photographer
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Walter Cronkite
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-American Broadcast journalist for CBS Evening news
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Plagiarism
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-many just copy and paste not giving credit to the source
-internet simply makes this easier |
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Investigative Reporting
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-in 1964 the Pulitzer Prize went to the Philadelphia Bulletin for exposing corrupt police officers…this n
-new emphasis on activist, reformer, and exposure -original investigative reporting involved reporters themselves uncovering scandals to report to the pu -interpretive reporting is the second type of investigative reporting, more analysis of material -reporting on investigations-discovering a leak in an original investigation |
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Muckrakers
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-also partake in investigative reporting
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Copyright
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-legal concept giving the creator of a work exclusive rights
-usually for a limited time -started as a way for government to constrict printing. |
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Fabrication
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-making something seem better than it is
-adding a love story in the Titanic for example |
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Show, don’t tell
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-need detail, thoughts feelings, basically anything from the senses as well
-make the reader feel something |
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-Seek Truth and Report It
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-test accuracy
-seek out the subjects who have been accused and give them a chance to defend themselves -identify sources when feasible -don’t distort images or video -avoid misleading reenactments or staged events -never plagiarize -avoid stereotypes |
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-Minimize Harm
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-show compassion for those who might be adversely affected by news coverage
-be sensitive when seeking information or photographs by those who have been affected by tragedy -recognize that seeking the news may cause discomfort and harm -show good last, avoid pandering to lurid curiosity -politians want and often get more attention than citizens, make sure not to ignore what the ‘average Joes’ have to say -be cautious of identifying juveniles -be fair when reporting on criminal trials |
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-Act Independently
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-avoid conflicts of interest, real or perceived
-Remain free of associations and activities that may compromise integrity or damage credibility. -Refuse gifts, favors, fees, free travel and special treatment, and shun secondary employment, political involvement, public office and service in community organizations if they compromise journalistic integrity. -Disclose unavoidable conflicts. -Be vigilant and courageous about holding those with power accountable. -Deny favored treatment to advertisers and special interests and resist their pressure to influence news coverage. -Be wary of sources offering information for favors or money; avoid bidding for news. |
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-Be Accountable
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-Clarify and explain news coverage and invite dialogue with the public over
journalistic conduct. -Encourage the public to voice grievances against the news media. -Admit mistakes and correct them promptly. -Expose unethical practices of journalists and the news media. -Abide by the same high standards to which they hold others. |
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Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
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-allows for the full or at least partial disclosure of previously released government
documents |
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Open Meetings Act
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-right to information know by the state
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Shields Law
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-reporters’ privilege
-“reporter’s protection under constitutional or statutory law, from being compelled to testify about confidential information or sources” -allows journalists to protect their sources from discovery -In criminal cases, there should be reasonable grounds to believe, based on information obtained from non-media sources, that a crime has occurred, and that the information sought is essential to a successful investigation—particularly with reference to directly establishing guilt or innocence. The subpoena should not be used to obtain peripheral, nonessential, or speculative information. -In civil cases there should be reasonable grounds, based on non-media sources, to believe that the information sought is essential to the successful completion of the litigation in a case of substantial importance. The subpoena should not be used to obtain peripheral, nonessential, or speculative information. -The government should have unsuccessfully attempted to obtain the information from alternative non-media sources. -The use of subpoenas to members of the news media should, except under exigent circumstances, be limited to the verification of published information and to such surrounding circumstances as relate to the accuracy of the published information. -Even subpoena authorization requests for publicly disclosed information should be treated with care to avoid claims of harassment. -Subpoenas should, wherever possible, be directed at material information regarding a limited subject matter, should cover a reasonably limited period of time, and should avoid requiring production of a large volume of unpublished material. They should give reasonable and timely notice of the demand for documents. |
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Libel
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-a false or malicious statement published in a mainstream idea
-slander |
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News Opinion Columns
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-opinion editorials
-bias |
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Breach of Contract
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-putting something in the article that you said you would not that could damage someone else
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Privacy
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-intrusion coming into a place where privacies expected
-disclosure of private facts -can print all you know, but there will be consequences -appropriation of an image -can’t use someone’s picture to represent something without asking -false light -taking a picture of middle aged professors on the quad next to a story about |
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4 points of code of ethics
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Seek truth and report it
Minimize harm Acting independently Be accountable |
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Conflict of Interest
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-accepting gifts or favors from a source to publish or not publish
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Fabrications
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-making things up (quotes or characters)
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Censorship
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-prior restraint
-criminal and civil law -Civil code Person v. Person -Criminal code State v. Person |
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Libel-
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-print something that is untrue and harms a person’s reputation they can sue
-provably true -defense-fair comment, it is a review…but it has to be about the topic, not the person -opinion -good reporting saves a person |
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Cameras
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recording of information-permission of all parties
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-Federal Education and Rights of Privacy Act
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-parents can’t check grades of their 18+ student
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Videos
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-Little story
-One small moment -eye on the subject -“I might have done the same thing”act with humility -‘The Marker’ |
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Linear
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-beginning middle end…stick with it the entire time
-interview, narratives, speech |
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Non-linear
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-navigate anywhere, no beginning, middle, and end
-edit video, digital are not linear -non linear method for linear result -sort able database |
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Hierarchical
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-organizing information
-inverted pyramid -the way you organize information shows what is most important, many lists are like this, and new papers |
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Profile Story
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-story about a life
-tells what person is really like |
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Issue Story
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-describes a trend, and issues
-laptop being stolen off a table at 4pm |
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Investigative Story
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-investigate the story at hand
-motives, reasons, actions, ect… |
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Day in the Life
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-a picture, doesn’t really have a point
-a slice of life -almost like a picture |
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5 Verification Methods
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1. Never add anything that was not there
2. Never deceive the audience 3. Be as transparent as possible about your methods 4. Rely on your own original reporting 5. Exercise humility |
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Exercise Conscience
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-must not protect own self-interest
-don’t just right ‘fluff’ -must right about the human condition -not always a popular happy story |
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-McCarthy
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-talked about what Americans were worthy
-tried to keep certain groups out of politics -decided what kind of party is allowed to do things |
