Journalism Ch. 7 Terms (Final)

Front 1

Time-space compression

Back 1

electronic resources has reduced the distance between people and sped up our feelings of time

Front 2

circuit switching

Back 2

it was originally used for telephony, the circuits would connect two people talking and then be switched on so that those two people used the line exclusively, when they hung up it was disconnected by the operator and then other people could use it

Front 3

packet switching

Back 3

when information is sent through network but it is divided up into pieces or packets to be able to take the easiest route through and at the end it is reassembled into proper order to be sent through the telephone line or Internet

Front 4

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Back 4

part of main protocol for the Internet which allows the computers to communicate with each other

Front 5

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTP)

Back 5

web protocol which allows transfer of text, audio, or video to different addresses

Front 6

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Back 6

coding format that says how information should look on the web

Front 7

Extensible Markup Language (HML)

Back 7

similar to HTML but permits easy sharing of information and data about the Web not just how it the info looks

Front 8

freemium

Back 8

you can have something for free but for premium access you have to but a subscription

Front 9

broadband

Back 9

a network connection that allows for a wider bandwidth to be sent allowing for more information to be sent in a shorter amount of time

Front 10

narrowband

Back 10

a network connection that only allows a very narrow bandwidth to be sent so it sends lesser information very slowly

Front 11

Sarnoff's Law

Back 11

created by David Sarnoff and it states that the value of a network increases with the greater amount of people on it

Front 12

Metcalfe's Law

Back 12

this states that the value of a network increases with the greater amount of people on it that can communicate with each other

Front 13

Reed's Law

Back 13

value of an interactive community network increases with n members by 2 to the nth

Front 14

modem

Back 14

converts digital signals to analog signals for transmission over a phone line, also does vice versa

Front 15

peer-to-peer (P2P)

Back 15

a network where all computers on it can send and store information equally with each other

Front 16

spam

Back 16

unwanted emails sent out by advertisers

Front 17

client/server

Back 17

a network model that relies on one main computer or server to store information that the other computers can access

Front 18

astroturf

Back 18

a way to create a movement to look like it was created by concerned citizens but was actually created by a larger group or organization

Front 19

network neutrality

Back 19

states that all content on a broadband network be treated the same and not restricted

Front 20

fair use

Back 20

exception to the copyright rule that allows someone to use an expert or their work

Front 21

open source

Back 21

any program where the viewer is allowed to see the source code

Front 22

swarming

Back 22

used by P2P members and its a way for everyone to coordinate when they get on a network in order to speed up downloading

Front 23

distributed computing

Back 23

when individual computers work together to achieve a larger project that one computer couldn't handle

Front 24

watermark

Back 24

a mark or symbol embedded in a photograph that stands as the copyright

Front 25

viral marketing

Back 25

spreading news and information about media content by word of mouth or type