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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sequence?
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- predictable stages of growth & dev; crawl before they creep, creep before they stand, and stand before they walk
- doesn't progress at same rate or pace or timing |
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Developmental task?
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group of skills particular to each dev stage
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Infant growth rate (ht & wt) is monitored via____
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standardized growth chart (0-3)
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Define sensitive pd?
A- for physical growth of fetus? B- when is sens pd for infant's personality dev? |
- period when person is more susceptible to positive or negative influences.
A- first 3 months B- primary socialization occurs 1st yr |
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Infant grows __ inches per month
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1 inch
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6-12 mo infant length increases ____% vs birth length
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50%
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- birth wt ___ after 6 mo
- birth wt ____ after 1 yr |
- doubles; gains 1.5 lbs/wk
- triples |
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during fetal dev, the ___ is the fastest growing body part; at 2 mo of gestation it equals 50% of body length.
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head
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- head circumf. grows 1.5 per month during first 6 mo T or F
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T
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- posterior fontanelle closes ____
- anterior fontanelle closes betw ______ |
- 6-8 wks
- 12-18 mo, 14 mo avg; if still open after 21-24 mo, cause for concern - open fontanelles allow rapid head growth |
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- Type of hemoglobin in infants?
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- hemoglobin F (stands for Fetal); as we mature, repl by hemoglobin A; by 6 mo F is at insignificant levels
- hemoglobin F can cause physiological anemia betw ages of 2-3 |
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how do you pull on ear lobe to look at eustachian tubes in
- child< 3 yrs -adult > 3 yrs |
- child < 3 yrs - pull down and back
- adult= pull up and back |
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why do babies get more resp illness?
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- flat chest- can't expand lungs as much
- short straight eustachian tube- easier to have infection enter - trachea is close to bronchi |
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Infant's immune system - have passive immunity forom mom; starts to diminish after 3 mo, esp IGa (in saliva) T or F
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T
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Babinski reflex?
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- normal reflex for baby; baby's big toe and smaller toes will fan out (dorsiflex)
- goes away in 12-18 months of age. - after that, and in adult, is sign of neuro damage |
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Gross motor dev
A- Baby sh be able to hold head upright by ___ mo B- when you pick baby up, the head sh come up w body by ___ mo |
A- 3 mo
B- 4 mo |
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A- Baby should be able to roll from ___ to ___ in 5 mo
B- Baby should be able to roll from ___ to ___ in 6 mo |
A- stomach to back
B- back to stomach |
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Baby should be sitting by ___ mo
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8 months
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Baby should be taking 1st step by_____
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- 1st year; if more than 15 mo, cause for concern
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what is first pubescent change in boys?
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- Testicular enlargement
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A - infants' hands are closed in the first ____
B- infant can open hands after ___ mo C- at ___ mo, infant can voluntarily grasp an object D- at __ mo, can hold bottle, grasp their feet E- at ____ mo, can transfer objects from 1 hand to other F- at ___ mo, infant has well established pincer grasp, which is significant why? |
A- 1st mo
B- 3 mo; sign of cerebral palsy if hands remain closed C- 5 mo D- 6 mo E- 7 mo; also a big milestone to pass risk of cerebral palsy F- 10 mo; can start to feed himself, also can put things in mouth which can be dangerous |
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A- at ___ mo, baby can build a tower w 2 blocks
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12 mo
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When sh baby start w cow's milk?
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- after 1st yr, since before then can't digest lactose; can cause bleeding, GI upset
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A- when sh solid foods start?
B- When sh flouride supplements start? C- when sh baby be weaned from breast to bottle? D- Don't give ___ to baby since it can cause botulism |
A- at 4-6 mo; start w rice cereal; also time when baby gets 1st tooth; also time when baby loses protrusion reflex, so it's easier to feed
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A- 12 mo old baby has ___ teeth
B- Parachute reflex |
A- 6-8 milk teeth
B- protective response to falling; appears at 7 mo |
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Erikson's Phase 1 is from birth to ___ and is concerned with ____ vs _____
B- What is most important |
- birth to 1 yr
- trust vs mistrust; trust acquired in infancy provides foundation for all succeeding phases. B- Consistency of care is most important |
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Failure to learn ________ leads to mistrust. Why?
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- delayed gratification
- if parents always meet their children's needs before the children signal their readiness, infants will never learn to test their ability to control the environment. |
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A- Cognitive Dev Theory by ___
B- Psychosocial Dev Theory by ___ |
A- Piaget
B- Erikson |
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cognition means ___
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the ability to know
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Sensorimotor phase?
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- pd from birth to 24 mo with 6 stages
- first 4 phases occur from birth to 12 mo (infancy) - last 2 phases occur from 12 mo to 24 mo - in this phase, infant learns thru senses & motor activity - infants progress from reflex behaviors to simple repetitive acts to imitative activity |
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What 3 crucial events take place during sensorimotor phase?
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1- separation - infants learn to separate themselves from other objects in env
2- concept of object permanence - realization that objects that leave the visual field still exist; objects are permanent; important to understand separation anxiety and needed for baby to achieve attachment; occurs at 9-10 months 3- ability to use symbols so baby can think of object or situation without experiencing it |
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A- ____ is baby's first means of verbal communication
B- infants vocalize as early as 5-6 wks; they can imitate sounds by __ mo. C- at ___ mo, infants can understand the word NO and obey simple commands |
A- crying
B- 8 months C- 9-10 mo |
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Social dev of infant:
1) attachment to mom & dad; without their influence, can have "failure to thrive 2) Play - universal language of kids; solitary or 1-sided, don't play w other kids; 3) Separation anxiety- occurs at ___ mo 4) Stranger anxiety- develops same time as separation anxiety T or F |
T
6-8 months |
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A- infant smiles at __ mo and is able to laugh out loud at __ mo.
B- attachment to mother is crucial part of dev & if not achieved can lead to maladaptive behaviors T or F |
A- 2 mo; 4 mo
B- T |
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___ is the work of children; kids can play peek a-boo at ___ months
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Play; 6 mo
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Separation Anxiety
A- infant understands self and mom as separate people at ___ mo B- At ___ mo, baby protests when mom leaves or is put back in crib C- by ___ mo, baby will anticipate mom's departure and protest before she leaves |
A- 4-8 mo
B- 6 mo C- 11-12 mo |
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What behaviors are exhibited with babies experiencing stranger anxiety?
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- clinging to parent
- crying - turning away from stranger |
